Comprehensive Review of Islanding Detection Methods for Distributed Generation Systems

Abstract

The increased penetration of distributed generation (DG), renewable energy utilization, and the introduction of the microgrid concept have changed the shape of conventional electric power networks. Most of the new power system networks are transforming into the DG model integrated with renewable and non-renewable energy resources by forming a microgrid. Islanding detection in DG systems is a challenging issue that causes several protection and safety problems. A microgrid operates in the grid-connected or stand-alone mode. In the grid-connected mode, the main utility network is responsible for a smooth operation in coordination with the protection and control units, while in the stand-alone mode, the microgrid operates as an independent power island that is electrically separated from the main utility network. Fast islanding detection is, therefore, necessary for efficient and reliable microgrid operations. Many islanding detection methods (IdMs) are proposed in the literature, and each of them claims better reliability and high accuracy. This study describes a comprehensive review of various IdMs in terms of their merits, viability, effectiveness, and feasibility. The IdMs are extensively analysed by providing a fair comparison from different aspects. Moreover, a fair analysis of a feasible and economical solution in view of the recent research trend is presented.

Optimal Operational Scheduling of Reconfigurable Multi-Microgrids Considering Energy Storage Systems

“…The scenario generation process is done by Monte-Carlo simulation on predicted mean values while forecasting errors are considered within appropriate probability density functions through associated standard deviations (STDs). The total number of generated scenarios can be calculated by (1)…”

“…Recently, due to the energy crisis and environmental deteriorations, the penetration level of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) including Energy Storage Systems (ESSs), dispatchable and renewable energy sources in distribution sector has been increased significantly. This growing tendency has led to defining the Microgrid (MG) concept as a promising solution to the optimal use of energy resources [1]. Moreover, it mitigates the monitoring and management burden for the Distribution System Operator (DSO) and increases the operational flexibility of the system in the modified decision-making environment of sustainable energy systems [2].…”

A Survey on Power Grid Faults and Their Origins: A Contribution to Improving Power Grid Resilience

“…To realize islanding, some constraints are important to take into account to guarantee the functionality of the island grid. These constraints are generators' coherency, load generation balance, voltage, and frequency stability, among others [120][121][122].…”

Comparative Study of Different Approaches for Islanding Detection of Distributed Generation Systems

“…The islanding protection devices being used in the future have to reflect this. Safety measures must be taken for correct operation of these new DGs so as to prevent uncontrolled and undesired power injection into the grid and possible damages to equipment and personnel [15]. Thus, a thorough study is needed in solving this issue.…”