Comprehensive Loss Analysis of Two-level and Three-Level Inverter for Electric Vehicle Using Drive Cycle Models

Power Loss Modelling and Performance Comparison of Three-Level GaN-Based Inverters Used for Electric Traction

“…Hence, GaN-based multilevel inverters emerge as an appealing solution for designing compact and highly efficient traction inverters, overcoming the breakdown voltage limits (650 V) inherent in existing GaN technologies [19,20]. Additionally, due to reduced output voltage steps, the utilization of multilevel converters proves effective in curbing voltage stress and subsequently reducing electrical aging in traction machines.…”

“…In the literature, several methods have been presented to compute the power losses of motor drive fed with an inverter, including both the losses of the electric motor (copper, iron, and friction) and power converter (conduction and switching). Some of them are reported in [19,[24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. In [24][25][26], an IGBT-based 2L-VSI power converter is considered, and the related power losses are analytically evaluated, where the conduction ones are determined by computing the load RMS current, duty ratio, and power factor.…”

“…With regard to the electric motor model, [29] uses a similar qd-axis-equivalent circuit model to [24], whereas in [30] an inductor load replaces the electric motor. In [19], the power loss in GaN-based 2LI and 3LI NPC inverter topologies used for electric traction are computed considering an analytical approach to evaluate both GaN conduction and switching power losses.…”

A Simplified Hard-Switching Loss Model for Fast-Switching Three-Level T-Type SiC Bridge-Legs

“…Three-level converter topologies, especially in combination with wide-bandgap (WBG) power semiconductors such as SiC MOSFETs, are enabling ever more compact and more efficient power electronic converter systems [1][2][3][4], and are therefore of key importance to next-generation PFC rectifiers for battery charging, datacenter power supply modules, and inverter systems for variable-speed drives used in industry automation and electrified transport. In particular, the three-level T-type (3LTT) converter (cf., Figure 1), originally proposed in the 1970s [5], achieves very promising performance for 800 V DC-link applications, especially if modern WBG power semiconductors are employed [3,6].…”