Comprehensive assessment of youth violence in five Caribbean countries: Gender and age differences

Gentle-Genitty, Carolyn; Kim, Jangmin; Yi, Eun-Hye; Slater, Douglas; Reynolds, Beverly; Bragg, Natasha

doi:10.1080/10911359.2016.1273811

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…The limited cross-national, age-specific data available for older adolescent boys is of particular concern. Older adolescent boys may be vulnerable to violence by other boys and men related to organized crime or gang involvement (31, 32), as well as non-gang activity (33). The lack of age-specific estimates available in large surveys means that violence against older adolescent boys may receive less attention than it should in prevention and response efforts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further research and attention are needed to provide reliable estimates of the prevalence and scope of violence stemming from gangs and organized crime. The datasets and sources consulted for this analysis are unlikely to have captured this type of violence, but it is the daily reality of children and their communities in LAC (31, 32). LAC accounts for almost 50% of adolescent homicides despite comprising less than 10% of the global adolescent population; and LAC is the only area in the world where homicide rates among adolescents have increased since 2007 (42).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Violence against children in Latin America and the Caribbean: What do available data reveal about prevalence and perpetrators?

Devries

Merrill

Knight

et al. 2019

Revista Panamericana De Salud Pública

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Objective.To describe the prevalence of recent physical, sexual, and emotional violence against children 0 – 19 years of age in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) by age, sex, and perpetrator.Methods.A systematic review and analysis of published literature and large international datasets was conducted. Eligible sources from first record to December 2015 contained age-, sex-, and perpetrator-specific data from LAC. Random effects meta-regressions were performed, adjusting for relevant quality covariates and differences in violence definitions.Results.Seventy-two surveys (2 publications and 70 datasets) met inclusion criteria, representing 1 449 estimates from 34 countries. Prevalence of physical and emotional violence by caregivers ranged from 30% – 60%, and decreased with increasing age. Prevalence of physical violence by students (17% – 61%) declined with age, while emotional violence remained constant (60% – 92%). Prevalence of physical intimate partner violence (IPV) ranged from 13% – 18% for girls aged 15 – 19 years. Few or no eligible past-year estimates were available for any violence against children less than 9 years and boys 16 – 19 years of age; sexual violence against boys (any age) and girls (under 15 years); IPV except for girls aged 15 – 19 years; and violence by authority figures (e.g., teachers) or via gangs/organized crime.Conclusion.Past-year physical and emotional violence by caregivers and students is widespread in LAC across all ages in childhood, as is IPV against girls aged 15 – 19 years. Data collection must be expanded in LAC to monitor progress towards the sustainable development goals, develop effective prevention and response strategies, and shed light on violence relating to organized crime/gangs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Violence against children in Latin America and the Caribbean: What do available data reveal about prevalence and perpetrators?

Devries

Merrill

Knight

et al. 2019

Revista Panamericana De Salud Pública

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“…The first factor is school bonding, which designates students’ attachment to teachers, school personnel, and peers. School bonding is a multidimensional concept that includes students’ attachment to, commitment to, involvement in, and beliefs about their schools (Gentle-Genitty et al., 2017). School bonding can be positively associated with students’ reporting behavior (Gentle-Genitty et al., 2017).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…School bonding is a multidimensional concept that includes students’ attachment to, commitment to, involvement in, and beliefs about their schools (Gentle-Genitty et al., 2017). School bonding can be positively associated with students’ reporting behavior (Gentle-Genitty et al., 2017). Despite the lack of studies examining the direct relationship between students’ school bonding and reporting behavior, some studies suggest that school factors are associated with students’ coping behaviors towards school violence.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, we look beyond developed countries by assessing delinquency reporting in schools in Caribbean countries. Although some studies have focused on Caribbean countries and examined the prevalence of school violence (Ohene et al., 2005) and the risk and protective factors affecting youth violence or gang involvement (Blum & Ireland, 2004; Katz, Maguire, & Choate, 2011; Maguire & Fishbein, 2016; Maguire, Wells, & Katz, 2011), these studies did not analyze how students in Caribbean countries respond to delinquent behaviors at school (Gentle-Genitty et al., 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecological correlates contributing to reporting of school delinquency among Caribbean adolescents

Kim

Gentle-Genitty

Kim

2020

School Psychology International

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Many studies have examined significant factors associated with school delinquency among adolescents, including relationship violence, property damage, and other serious threats to students’ safety. However, students’ coping behaviors after being victims of or witnesses to violence and other forms of delinquency have not been thoroughly examined. This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by identifying significant factors at the individual, family, and school levels that affect 226 Caribbean students’ actual reporting of school delinquency to school personnel. The data for this study were obtained from the Caribbean Youth Violence Survey, which studied middle and high school students in five Caribbean countries. The findings of hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated that female students were more likely than male students to report delinquent behaviors. Family cohesion and family disorganization significantly decreased students’ reporting behaviors after they experienced or witnessed school delinquency. On the other hand, school bonding significantly increased students’ reporting behaviors. This paper concludes with practical implications and future research agendas for developing a comprehensive mechanism to address the dynamics of multidimensional factors that influence students’ active coping behaviors for dealing with school delinquency.

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Delinquency, drug use, and gang membership in the English-speaking Caribbean

Katz

Cheon

Freemon

et al. 2023

Children and Youth Services Review

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Comprehensive assessment of youth violence in five Caribbean countries: Gender and age differences

Cited by 11 publications

References 40 publications

Violence against children in Latin America and the Caribbean: What do available data reveal about prevalence and perpetrators?

Violence against children in Latin America and the Caribbean: What do available data reveal about prevalence and perpetrators?

Ecological correlates contributing to reporting of school delinquency among Caribbean adolescents

Delinquency, drug use, and gang membership in the English-speaking Caribbean

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