Comprehension of Wh-Questions in Two Broca's Aphasics

Hickok, Gregory; Avrutin, Sergey

doi:10.1006/brln.1996.0014

Cited by 88 publications

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“…An interesting empirical objection comes from the work of Hickok and Avrutin (1995), who devised a novel comprehension task through which they documented a surprising asymmetry in agrammatic comprehension. They tested agrammatic comprehension on four types of questions, The two Broca's aphasic patients they tested were above chance on subject questions (17b,d) and at chance on the object question beginning with which (17c); these results are consistent with the TDH, as well as with previous data on subject/object asymmetries that we saw in (1) and (2).…”

Section: Generality and Counterevidencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…When we discover a pattern of grammatical impairment and sparing, it may reveal something about the internal structure of the grammar. Such arguments have been made in several domains (see, e.g., Grodzinsky et al 1991;Hickok & Avrutin 1995). One hopes that more work will lead to further discoveries.…”

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confidence: 98%

“…The results converge. Still, it is important to note that some studies yield two types of seemingly contradictory results: those that fail to replicate previous results, which have sometimes led to the claim that the syndrome of Broca's aphasia gives an altogether inconsistent picture (e.g., Berndt et al 1996;Druks & Marshall 1995;Martin et al 1989), and those that document performances that run contrary to the TDH but accept basic premises (see, e.g., Hickok & Avrutin 1995;Hickok et al 1993). Both types of presumed inconsistencies must be taken very seriously.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Our analysis of the current empirical record suggests that an approach to aphasia that allows constrained variation is on the right track; the weight of the evidence indicates that the TDH has had, as far as is known, the broadest empirical coverage. Still, certain core cases have forced reformulation.An interesting empirical objection comes from the work of Hickok and Avrutin (1995), who devised a novel comprehension task through which they documented a surprising asymmetry in agrammatic comprehension. They tested agrammatic comprehension on four types of questions, along two dimensions: questions pertaining to subject (17b,d) versus object (17a,c) position and those expressed by who (17a,b) versus which (17c,d) The two Broca's aphasic patients they tested were above chance on subject questions (17b,d) and at chance on the object question beginning with which (17c); these results are consistent with the TDH, as well as with previous data on subject/object asymmetries that we saw in (1) and (2).…”

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Could grammatical encoding and grammatical decoding be subserved by the same processing module?

Kempen¹

2000

Behav. Brain Sci.

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Advances in neuroimaging technology have increased our knowledge of the neuroanatomy of higher functions of the central nervous system: It is now possible to get a glimpse of the brain while it is in action. However, this progress would not have been possible without improved understanding of the knowledge base and operations that underlie complex behavior. Parallel to the greater precision of the technology, some progress has been made in our understanding of the cognitive architecture that underlies certain behavioral domains. In the study of brain-language relations, theoretical developments in linguistics have gone hand in hand with imaging, making a joint contribution to behavioral neurology. After several decades of the study of language and the brain from a linguistic angle, there is now a relatively dense body of facts that can be seriously evaluated. This target article will review central results and use them to motivate some novel conclusions about the representation of language in the human cerebral cortex. The discussion will revolve around the choice of unit of behavioral analysis and its theoretical import. An outlook on language derived from current linguistic theory can lead to a new and more precise picture of language and the brain.The old Connectionist school -led by Broca, Wernicke, and Lichtheim (see Lichtheim 1885, for a comprehensive exposition) and revived in our time by the late Norman Geschwind (e.g., 1970;1979) -fortified belief in the existence of cerebral language centers. As clinicians, these authors mostly emphasized the patients' communicative skills, viewing language as a collection of activities, practiced in the service of communication: speaking, listening, reading, writ- Abstract: A new view of the functional role of the left anterior cortex in language use is proposed. The experimental record indicates that most human linguistic abilities are not localized in this region. In particular, most of syntax (long thought to be there) is not located in Broca's area and its vicinity (operculum, insula, and subjacent white matter). This cerebral region, implicated in Broca's aphasia, does have a role in syntactic processing, but a highly specific one: It is the neural home to receptive mechanisms involved in the computation of the relation between transformationally moved phrasal constituents and their extraction sites (in line with the Trace-Deletion Hypothesis). It is also involved in the construction of higher parts of the syntactic tree in speech production. By contrast, basic combinatorial capacities necessary for language processing -for example, structure-building operations, lexical insertion -are not supported by the neural tissue of this cerebral region, nor is lexical or combinatorial semantics. The dense body of empirical evidence supporting this restrictive view comes mainly from several angles on lesion studies of syntax in agrammatic Broca's aphasia. Five empirical arguments are presented: experiments in sentence comprehension, cross-linguistic considerations (where a...

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Section: Generality and Counterevidencementioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 98%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Could grammatical encoding and grammatical decoding be subserved by the same processing module?

Kempen¹

2000

Behav. Brain Sci.

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“…Esate batera, osagai fonologikoari dagokionez, afasikoen hutsetan islatzen da teoria fonologikoko tasun bereizgarriei dagokien markatutasuna [17,32] eta bokal eta kontsonanteen bereizketa [33]. Beste hainbat kontzeptu gramatikaletarako ebidentzia ere eskaini dute afasikoen ezintasun eta disoziazioek, hala nola, izen eta aditz kategoria gramatikalen bereizketarakoa [30], inflexio eta eratorpen morfologiaren bereizketarakoa [34], egitura sintaktikoen hierarkia eta proposamenetarakoa [35], eratorpen sintaktikoko eragiketa jakinetarakoa [20] eta kate sintaktiko motetarakoa [36].…”

Section: Amaia Munarrizunclassified

Afasia hizkuntzaren antolaketarako erakusleiho

Munarriz

2016

EKAIA

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Laburpena: Afasiaren azterketak hizkuntzaren antolaketarako ebidentzia enpirikoa eskaintzen du, horregatik da ekarpen garrantzitsua eredu neurolinguistiko eta psikolinguistikoak garatzeko. Lan honetan, afasiologiarako sarrera labur gisa, burmuineko lesioen ikerketak hizkuntzaren eta hizkuntza-osagaien antolaketaz zer erakutsi duen jasotzen da. Horretarako, aurkezten dira, batetik, afasiologiaren historian hizkuntzaren irudikapenaren inguruan izandako ikuspegi nagusiak eta, bestetik, zer-nolako datuak eskaintzen dituen afasiak hizkuntz osagaien antolaketa funtzionalerako eta hizkuntzalaritza teoriarako.Hitz gakoak: afasia, hizkuntzaren antolaketa, psikolinguistika, neurolinguistika. Abstract:Research on aphasia provides empirical evidence for the organisation of the language system, and therefore it is a valuable source of data for developing neurolinguistic and psycholinguistic models. In this article, we review what brain lesion studies reveal about the organisation of language and linguistic components, as a brief introduction to aphasiology. To that aim, we introduce the main approaches in the history of aphasia regarding the representation of language in the brain and we present what kind of data aphasia offers for the functional organisation of the linguistic components and for linguistic theory.

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Understanding Disorders in Agrammatic Patients: Capacity or Structural Deficits?

Miera

Cuetos

1998

Brain and Language

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Comprehension of Wh-Questions in Two Broca's Aphasics

Cited by 88 publications

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Could grammatical encoding and grammatical decoding be subserved by the same processing module?

Could grammatical encoding and grammatical decoding be subserved by the same processing module?

Afasia hizkuntzaren antolaketarako erakusleiho

Understanding Disorders in Agrammatic Patients: Capacity or Structural Deficits?

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