Compound-Specific Isotopic Fractionation Patterns Suggest Different Carbon Metabolisms among
            <i>Chloroflexus</i>
            -Like Bacteria in Hot-Spring Microbial Mats

Meer, Marcel T. J. van der; Schouten, Stefan; Damsté, Jaap S. Sinninghe; Leeuw, J.W. de; Ward, David M.

doi:10.1128/aem.69.10.6000-6006.2003

Cited by 61 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…or the diol glycosides that are abundant in R. castenholzii. In agreement, both alkenes and diol glycosides are also only minor compounds in these mats (44,45).…”

supporting

confidence: 69%

“…into polyglucose is transferred to FAPs via assimilation of [ 13 C]acetate derived from cyanobacterial fermentation (46). Compound-specific stable carbon isotope studies of FAP biomarkers also suggested that FAPs may be photoautotrophic (42,45). FAPs that assimilate carbon which has been fixed and then excreted by cyanobacteria should have stable carbon isotope signatures typical of those resulting from the Calvin cycle.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cultivation and Genomic, Nutritional, and Lipid Biomarker Characterization of Roseiflexus Strains Closely Related to Predominant In Situ Populations Inhabiting Yellowstone Hot Spring Microbial Mats

et al. 2010

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Roseiflexus sp. strains were cultivated from a microbial mat of an alkaline siliceous hot spring in Yellowstone National Park. These strains are closely related to predominant filamentous anoxygenic phototrophs found in the mat, as judged by the similarity of small-subunit rRNA, lipid distributions, and genomic and metagenomic sequences. Like a Japanese isolate, R. castenholzii, the Yellowstone isolates contain bacteriochlorophyll a, but not bacteriochlorophyll c or chlorosomes, and grow photoheterotrophically or chemoheterotrophically under dark aerobic conditions. The genome of one isolate, Roseiflexus sp. strain RS1, contains genes necessary to support these metabolisms. This genome also contains genes encoding the 3-hydroxypropionate pathway for CO 2 fixation and a hydrogenase, which might enable photoautotrophic metabolism, even though neither isolate could be grown photoautotrophically with H 2 or H 2 S as a possible electron donor. The isolates exhibit temperature, pH, and sulfide preferences typical of their habitat. Lipids produced by these isolates matched much better with mat lipids than do lipids produced by R. castenholzii or Chloroflexus isolates.We have investigated laminated cyanobacterial mats in alkaline siliceous hot springs of Yellowstone National Park (Octopus Spring and Mushroom Spring) as models for understanding principles of microbial community ecology (49, 51, 54) and as models of stromatolites (50, 55), which are important fossilized microbial communities of the Precambrian. These mats are dominated by unicellular cyanobacteria (Synechococcus spp.) and filamentous anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (FAPs) (e.g., Chloroflexus spp. and Roseiflexus spp.); they also contain newly described anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (8) and many organisms involved in mat decomposition (49). We have studied the composition and structure of the mat community using both nucleic acid and lipid biomarker approaches (50), as well as the functional contributions of and interactions among community members (34, 46, 47).A major finding from molecular analyses was that the predominant Synechococcus spp. of the mat are distantly related to readily cultivated strains (15, 49). Careful cultivation of predominant strains was necessary before we could observe phenotypic properties of Synechococcus sp. isolates that were useful for understanding the in situ ecology of native mat populations (2). Genomic analysis of relevant isolates has also vastly improved our ability to understand metagenomic Similarly, based on small-subunit rRNA (SSU rRNA) cloning and sequencing and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) probing, the dominant FAPs of the community were found to be distantly related to readily cultivated Chloroflexus spp. but closely related to Roseiflexus castenholzii (35), a bacteriochlorophyll a-containing anoxygenic phototroph lacking chlorosomes, which was initially cultivated from a Japanese hot spring (20). Only one SSU rRNA sequence somewhat distantly related to that of Heliothrix oregonensis, the only ot...

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“…or the diol glycosides that are abundant in R. castenholzii. In agreement, both alkenes and diol glycosides are also only minor compounds in these mats (44,45).…”

supporting

confidence: 69%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultivation and Genomic, Nutritional, and Lipid Biomarker Characterization of Roseiflexus Strains Closely Related to Predominant In Situ Populations Inhabiting Yellowstone Hot Spring Microbial Mats

et al. 2010

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“…Photoautotrophy by obligately phototrophic GNSLB in sulfidic hot springs has been described previously (13), and the potential for autotrophy in nonsulfidic mats has been suggested by 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea inhibition of oxygenic photosynthesis and sulfide stimulation experiments (4). The natural abundance of stable carbon isotopic compositions of typical Chloroflexus lipids, such as wax esters and long-chain alkenes (45,49), suggests that GNSLB are autotrophic in sulfidic mats (46,48), as typical Chloroflexus lipids had stable carbon isotope values that were in agreement with inorganic carbon fixation via the 3-hydroxypropionate carbon fixation pathway (19,49). In sulfidic mats, where the sulfide concentration is low enough for cyanobacteria to be present, the stable carbon isotopic composition of Chloroflexus-specific lipids suggests mixotrophic metabolism of the GNSLB population (48).…”

mentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The predominant GNSLB in nonsulfidic, alkaline, siliceous hot spring microbial mats are closely related to Roseiflexus castenholzii (30) and might therefore have the potential for heterotrophic metabolism (17). The stable carbon isotopic composition of wax esters typical for Roseiflexus (M. T. J. van der Meer, S. Schouten, J. S. Sinninghe Damsté, M. T. Madigan, and D. M. Ward, unpublished data) and Chloroflexus (48) found in such mats seems to suggest autotrophy as the dominant carbon acquisition mechanism.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The natural abundance of stable carbon isotopic compositions of typical Chloroflexus lipids, such as wax esters and long-chain alkenes (45,49), suggests that GNSLB are autotrophic in sulfidic mats (46,48), as typical Chloroflexus lipids had stable carbon isotope values that were in agreement with inorganic carbon fixation via the 3-hydroxypropionate carbon fixation pathway (19,49). In sulfidic mats, where the sulfide concentration is low enough for cyanobacteria to be present, the stable carbon isotopic composition of Chloroflexus-specific lipids suggests mixotrophic metabolism of the GNSLB population (48). The predominant GNSLB in nonsulfidic, alkaline, siliceous hot spring microbial mats are closely related to Roseiflexus castenholzii (30) and might therefore have the potential for heterotrophic metabolism (17).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diel Variations in Carbon Metabolism by Green Nonsulfur-Like Bacteria in Alkaline Siliceous Hot Spring Microbial Mats from Yellowstone National Park

Meer

Schouten

Bateson

et al. 2005

Appl Environ Microbiol

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104

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Green nonsulfur-like bacteria (GNSLB) in hot spring microbial mats are thought to be mainly photoheterotrophic, using cyanobacterial metabolites as carbon sources. However, the stable carbon isotopic composition of typical Chloroflexus and Roseiflexus lipids suggests photoautotrophic metabolism of GNSLB. One possible explanation for this apparent discrepancy might be that GNSLB fix inorganic carbon only during certain times of the day. In order to study temporal variability in carbon metabolism by GNSLB 14 C]bicarbonate labeling indicated that during the morning, incorporation of label was light dependent and that both cyanobacteria and GNSLB were involved in bicarbonate uptake.13 C-labeling experiments indicated that during the morning, GNSLB incorporated labeled bicarbonate at least to the same degree as cyanobacteria. The incorporation of [ 13 C]bicarbonate into specific lipids could be stimulated by the addition of sulfide or hydrogen, which both were present in the morning photic zone. The results suggest that GNSLB have the potential for photoautotrophic metabolism during low-light periods. In high-light periods, inorganic carbon was incorporated primarily into Cyanobacteria-specific lipids. The results of a pulse-labeling experiment were consistent with overnight transfer of label to GNSLB, which could be interrupted by the addition of unlabeled acetate and glycolate. In addition, we observed direct incorporation of [ 13 C]acetate into GNSLB lipids in the morning. This suggests that GNSLB also have a potential for photoheterotrophy in situ.

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Investigating Bacterial Diversity Along Alkaline Hot‐Spring Thermal Gradients by Barcoded Pyrosequencing

Miller

Weltzer

2011

Handbook of Molecular Microbial Ecology II

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Compound-Specific Isotopic Fractionation Patterns Suggest Different Carbon Metabolisms among Chloroflexus -Like Bacteria in Hot-Spring Microbial Mats

Cited by 61 publications

References 46 publications

Cultivation and Genomic, Nutritional, and Lipid Biomarker Characterization of Roseiflexus Strains Closely Related to Predominant In Situ Populations Inhabiting Yellowstone Hot Spring Microbial Mats

Cultivation and Genomic, Nutritional, and Lipid Biomarker Characterization of Roseiflexus Strains Closely Related to Predominant In Situ Populations Inhabiting Yellowstone Hot Spring Microbial Mats

Diel Variations in Carbon Metabolism by Green Nonsulfur-Like Bacteria in Alkaline Siliceous Hot Spring Microbial Mats from Yellowstone National Park

Investigating Bacterial Diversity Along Alkaline Hot‐Spring Thermal Gradients by Barcoded Pyrosequencing

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