Compound <i>Schisandra-Ginseng-Notoginseng-Lycium</i> Extract Ameliorates Scopolamine‐Induced Learning and Memory Disorders in Mice

Li, Ning; Liu, Cong; Shu, Jiwu; Wang, Mengyang; Wang, Han; Sun, Jia; Wang, Chunmei; Chen, Jianguang; He, Li

doi:10.1155/2017/8632016

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Additionally, in a mechanistic study using rat model [ 20 ], saponins from Panax japonicus (also known as Japanese ginseng) attenuated age-related neuroinflammation by regulating signaling pathways of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB). The compound Schisandra-Ginseng-Notoginseng-Lycium produced learning and memory enhancement in scopolamine-induced learning and memory loss in mice [ 21 ]. Moreover, the recently discovered protopanaxadiol derivative 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenethyl)-3-(3-dehydroxyl-20( S )-protopanaxadiol-3b-yl)-urea showed pharmacological activity in an AD model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active ginseng components in cognitive impairment: Therapeutic potential and prospects for delivery and clinical study

et al. 2018

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Cognitive impairment is a state that affects thinking, communication, understanding, and memory, and is very common in various neurological disorders. Among many factors, age-related cognitive decline is an important area in mental health research. Research to find therapeutic medications or supplements to treat cognitive deficits and maintain cognitive health has been ongoing. Ginseng and its active components may have played a role in treating chronic disorders. Numerous preclinical studies have confirmed that ginseng and its active components such as ginsenosides, gintonin, and compound K are pharmacologically efficacious in different models of and are linked to cognitive impairment. Among their several roles, they act as an anti-neuroinflammatory and help fight against oxidative stress and modulate the cholinergic signal. These roles may be involved in enhancing cognition and attenuating impairment. There have been some clinical studies on the activity of ginseng in cognitive impairment, but many ginseng species and active compounds remain to be investigated. In addition, new formulations of active ginseng components such as nanoparticles and liposomes could be used for preclinical and clinical models of cognitive impairment. Here, we discuss the therapeutic potential of active ginseng components in cognitive impairment and their chemistry and pharmacokinetics and consider prospects for their delivery and clinical study with respect to cognitive impairment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active ginseng components in cognitive impairment: Therapeutic potential and prospects for delivery and clinical study

et al. 2018

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“…However, there has been no clinical trial for a specific neurodegenerative disease [ 233 ]. The daily dose of dried S. chinensis fruits for adults is between 2 and 6 g, optimally up to 0.1 g of fruit per kg of body weight [ 233 , 241 ].…”

Section: Specific Nootropic Herb Shrub and Tree Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nootropic Herbs, Shrubs, and Trees as Potential Cognitive Enhancers

Malík

Tlustos

2023

Plants

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Plant-based nootropics are a diverse group of natural drugs that can improve cognitive abilities through various physiological mechanisms, especially in cases where these functions are weakened or impaired. In many cases, the nootropics enhance erythrocyte plasticity and inhibit aggregation, which improves the blood’s rheological properties and increases its flow to the brain. Many of these formulations possess antioxidant activity that protects brain tissue from neurotoxicity and improves the brain’s oxygen supply. They can induce the synthesis of neuronal proteins, nucleic acids, and phospholipids for constructing and repairing neurohormonal membranes. These natural compounds can potentially be present in a great variety of herbs, shrubs, and even some trees and vines. The plant species reviewed here were selected based on the availability of verifiable experimental data and clinical trials investigating potential nootropic effects. Original research articles, relevant animal studies, meta-analyses, systematic reviews, and clinical trials were included in this review. Selected representatives of this heterogeneous group included Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst., Centella asiatica (L.) Urban, Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. & Maxim.) Maxim., Ginkgo biloba L., Lepidium meyenii Walp., Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, Paullinia cupana Kunth, Rhodiola rosea L., Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill., and Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal. The species are depicted and described, together with their active components and nootropic effects, and evidence of their efficacy is presented. The study provides brief descriptions of the representative species, their occurrence, history, and the chemical composition of the principle medicinal compounds, with uses, indications, experimental treatments, dosages, possible side effects, and contraindications. Most plant nootropics must be taken at optimal doses for extended periods before measurable improvement occurs, but they are generally very well tolerated. Their psychoactive properties are not produced by a single molecule but by a synergistic combination of several compounds. The available data suggest that including extracts from these plants in medicinal products to treat cognitive disorders can have substantial potential therapeutic benefits.

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“…The optimal dose of dried schisandra fruit for human administration is 2-6 g per day. For an average human body weight of 60 kg, the dose is 0.03-0.1 g of fruit per kg of body weight [253,255]. No serious side effects have been reported.…”

Section: Schisandra (Schisandra Chinensis)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nootropics as Cognitive Enhancers: Types, Dosage and Side Effects of Smart Drugs

Malík

Tlustos

2022

Nutrients

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Nootropics, also known as “smart drugs” are a diverse group of medicinal substances whose action improves human thinking, learning, and memory, especially in cases where these functions are impaired. This review provides an up-to-date overview of the potential effectiveness and importance of nootropics. Based on their nature and their effects, this heterogeneous group of drugs has been divided into four subgroups: classical nootropic compounds, substances increasing brain metabolism, cholinergic, and plants and their extracts with nootropic effects. Each subgroup of nootropics contains several main representatives, and for each one, its uses, indications, experimental treatments, dosage, and possible side effects and contraindications are discussed. For the nootropic plant extracts, there is also a brief description of each plant representative, its occurrence, history, and chemical composition of the medicinal part. Lastly, specific recommendations regarding the use of nootropics by both ill and healthy individuals are summarized.

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Compound Schisandra-Ginseng-Notoginseng-Lycium Extract Ameliorates Scopolamine‐Induced Learning and Memory Disorders in Mice

Cited by 5 publications

References 27 publications

Active ginseng components in cognitive impairment: Therapeutic potential and prospects for delivery and clinical study

Active ginseng components in cognitive impairment: Therapeutic potential and prospects for delivery and clinical study

Nootropic Herbs, Shrubs, and Trees as Potential Cognitive Enhancers

Nootropics as Cognitive Enhancers: Types, Dosage and Side Effects of Smart Drugs

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