Compositional Stability of a Salivary Bacterial Population against Supragingival Microbiota Shift following Periodontal Therapy

Yamanaka, Wataru; Takeshita, Toru; Shibata, Yukie; Matsuo, Kazuki; Eshima, Nobuoki; Yokoyama, Takeshi; Yamashita, Yoshihisa

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0042806

Cited by 67 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…[7] Salivary microbiome has been reported to have higher richness and diversity compared with gingival plaque microbiome, and to be less susceptible to changes in periodontal conditions. [32] Second, taxonomic classification in most metagenomic analyses is based on hypervariable sequences (V1-V9) of bacterial 16S rRNA gene. While several different primer sets are available, it has been well documented that the choice of the V regions to be amplified significantly influences the results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral microbiome and history of smoking and colorectal cancer

Kato

Vasquez

Moyerbrailean

et al. 2016

JER

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Background The equilibrium of oral microbiome may be altered by environmental factors, including cigarette smoking. Several recent studies also suggest that oral pathogens causing periodontal disease, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, are involved in pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. Methods For this study oral rinse DNA samples from 190 participants in a population-based case-control study for colorectal cancer were used to amplify a V3-V4 region of bacterial 16S rRNA gene. The amplicons were sequenced using Illumina MiSeq paired end chemistry on two runs, yielding approximately 35 million filtered reads which were assigned to bacterial phyla. Results No association was found between Fusobacterium abundance or presence and colorectal cancer. However, adjusted for age and experimental batch, colorectal cancer history was associated with increased presence of genus Lactobacillus and increased relative abundance of Rothia by 28% and current smoking was associated with a 33% decrease in relative counts of Betaproteobacteria (primarily Neisseria) and 23% increase in relative abundance of Veillonellaceae family. We also found that smoking had significant effects on the 2nd component scores and 2nd coordinate distances in principal component and coordinate analyses. Conclusions It remains to be elucidated whether the observed differences can be translated into biochemical changes in oral environment, thus potentially affecting oral health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral microbiome and history of smoking and colorectal cancer

Kato

Vasquez

Moyerbrailean

et al. 2016

JER

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“…DNA was extracted from each saliva sample using a bead-beating method, as previously described [19]. Total bacterial count per mL saliva was assessed with a QuantiFast SYBR Green PCR kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) and a StepOne Real-Time PCR System (Applied Biosystems) with the universal bacterial primers 806F (5′-TTAGATACCCYGGTAGTCC-3′) and 926R (5′-CCGTCAATTYCTTTGAGTTT-3′), as previously described [20].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of oral microbiota and acetaldehyde production

Yokoyama

Takeuchi

Shibata

et al. 2018

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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Background: Neisseria has been reported to be a high producer of acetaldehyde (ACH), a carcinogen, from ethanol in vitro, but no information exists regarding whether the ACH production depends on oral microbiota profiles.Objective and Design: To explore the salivary microbiota profiles with respect to ACH production ability in the oral cavity using a cross-sectional design.Results: Using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, we classified 100 saliva samples into two types of communities (I and II). Salivary ACH production ability from ethanol was measured using gas chromatography and was found to vary over a 30-fold range. ACH production ability was significantly higher in the type I community, wherein the relative abundance of Neisseria species was significantly lower. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the subjects with the type I community exhibited significantly higher probability of high ACH production ability than those with the type II community (P = 0.014). Moreover, the relative abundance of Neisseria species was inversely correlated with the ACH production ability (P = 0.002).Conclusion: The salivary microbiota profile with a lower relative abundance of Neisseria species was independently associated with high ACH production ability, despite Neisseria species are dominant producers of ACH in vitro.

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“…On the other hand, several studies have demonstrated that the bacterial composition in saliva differs greatly from that of dental plaque, including both supra- and subgingival microbiota, and it is closer to that on the mucosal surfaces, such as the tongue coating [10–13]. Our previous study also showed a distinction between the community structure of microbiota between supragingival plaque and saliva, as well as, the compositional stability of the salivary microbiota against a supragingival microbiota shift [14]. These facts invoke doubt about the clinical utility of a comprehensive analysis of salivary microbiota for monitoring subgingival microbiota to evaluate periodontal conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Relative abundance of total subgingival plaque-specific bacteria in salivary microbiota reflects the overall periodontal condition in patients with periodontitis

et al. 2017

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Increasing attention is being focused on evaluating the salivary microbiota as a promising method for monitoring oral health; however, its bacterial composition greatly differs from that of dental plaque microbiota, which is a dominant etiologic factor of oral diseases. This study evaluated the relative abundance of subgingival plaque-specific bacteria in the salivary microbiota and examined a relationship between the abundance and severity of periodontal condition in patients with periodontitis. Four samples (subgingival and supragingival plaques, saliva, and tongue coating) per each subject were collected from 14 patients with a broad range of severity of periodontitis before periodontal therapy. The bacterial composition was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing using Ion PGM. Of the 66 species-level operational taxonomic units (OTUs) representing the mean relative abundance of ≥ 1% in any of the four niches, 12 OTUs corresponding to known periodontal pathogens, including Porphyromonas gingivalis, were characteristically predominant in the subgingival plaque and constituted 37.3 ± 22.9% of the microbiota. The total relative abundance of these OTUs occupied only 1.6 ± 1.2% of the salivary microbiota, but significantly correlated with the percentage of diseased sites (periodontal pocket depth ≥ 4 mm; r = 0.78, P < 0.001), in addition to the abundance of subgingival plaque microbiota (r = 0.61, P = 0.02). After periodontal therapy, the total relative abundance of these 12 OTUs was evaluated as well as before periodontal therapy and reductions of the abundance through periodontal therapy were strongly correlated in saliva and subgingival plaque (r = 0.81, P < 0.001). Based on these results, salivary microbiota might be a promising target for the evaluation of subgingival plaque-derived bacteria representing the present condition of periodontal health.

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Compositional Stability of a Salivary Bacterial Population against Supragingival Microbiota Shift following Periodontal Therapy

Cited by 67 publications

References 29 publications

Oral microbiome and history of smoking and colorectal cancer

Oral microbiome and history of smoking and colorectal cancer

Characterization of oral microbiota and acetaldehyde production

Relative abundance of total subgingival plaque-specific bacteria in salivary microbiota reflects the overall periodontal condition in patients with periodontitis

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