547.915The chemical composition of neutral lipids from seeds of Cercis siliquastrum, Sapium sebiferum, and Koelreuteria paniculata were studied. Characteristic features of their individual classes were established.Cercis siliquastrum L. (Judas tree), Sapium sebiferum L. Roxb. (Chinese tallow), and Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm. (goldenrain tree) grow well in Georgia, are easily propagated, and bear abundant fruit [1][2][3].Polar lipids from seeds of these plants were found at the Kutateladze Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of Georgia, to be active against growth of xenograft tumors of cancer cells [4]. We have previously reported the chemical composition of phospholipids from seeds of C. siliquastrum and S. sebiferum [4][5][6].Herein we report results from a study of neutral lipids (NL) from seeds of C. siliquastrum (ID), S. sebiferum (SD), and K. paniculata (MD).Air-dried ground seeds of ID, SD, and MD that were collected when fully ripe were extracted exhaustively with nhexane at room temperature to produce the NL. The total NL were obtained as oily yellow liquids up to 10% for ID and up to 20% for SD and MD.The physicochemical properties of NL from ID, SD, and MD, respectively, were as follows. Acid number (mg/KOH) 2.80, 23.39, 2.00; d 4 20 0.918, 0.924, 0.909; n D 20 1.475, 1.479, 1.473; saponification number (mg/KOH) 119.22, 142.40, 183.20; iodine number (%I 2 ) 145.33, 90.78, 88.80; ester number (mg/KOH) 116.42, 119.01, 181.20; moisture and volatiles (%) 3.1, 2.0, 1.8.TLC analysis using various solvent systems detected bands in the studied NL corresponding to hydrocarbons (HC), sterol esters (SE), triacylglycerides (TAG), free fatty acids (FFA), free sterols (FS), diacylglycerides (DAG), and unidentified components [5]. The NL of MD did not contain SE although bands for fatty-acid methyl esters (FAME) were detected.Adsorption chromatography of the total NL followed by preparative TLC (PTLC) of the mixed fractions isolated the individual classes.Fatty acids (FA) were isolated from the main acyl-containing lipids by alkaline hydrolysis. Their composition was determined by GC of the methyl esters [7][8][9][10]. Table 1 shows that NL of the studied seeds had a FA composition consisting of only 5-6 components. The FA of total lipids and TAG of ID were dominated by linoleic acid (66-64%); FFA and SE, palmitic. Total FA and FFA of SD were dominated by linoleic and oleic; TAG and SE, palmitic. NL of MD had a high (80%) content of oleic acid.FA of NL from ID and SD were converted to the methyl esters and separated by preparative TLC (Ag + ) using system 3. Fractions of saturated, monoenoic, dienoic, and trienoic acids were obtained.According to GC, FAME of saturated (1), monoenoic (2), dienoic (3), and trienoic (4) NL fractions from ID and SD seeds had the following composition (mass %):
