Composition of fluid inclusions, Cave-in-Rock fluorite district, Illinois, and Upper Mississippi Valley zinc-lead district

Hall, Wayne E.; Friedman, Irving

doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.58.6.886

Cited by 122 publications

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“…Heat, metals and other solutes are acquired during brine migration along aquifers. The similarity of the fluid inclusion data in minerals from MVT deposits to typical oil-field brines with respect to element compositions, high salinities, and hydrogen and oxygen isotopes has been noted (Hall & Friedman, 1963;Roedder, 1967). The main difference is the much lower Na/K ratio of MVT fluids (Sawkins, 1968;White, 1968).…”

Section: Mvt Depositsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…% NaCl equivalent, but no daughter crystals are found, indicating the presence of cations other than Na (Roedder, 1984). Fluid inclusion investigations have shown that MVT deposits form from highly concentrated Na-Ca-Cl brines (Newhouse, 1932;Hall & Friedman, 1963;Roedder, 1967). Apart from Na and Ca chlorides, the solutions contain minor K and Mg with total sulphur (expressed as SO 4 2-) seldom exceeding a few thousand ppm.…”

Section: Mvt Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ore fluids have D values ranging from 0 to -45 ‰ and  18 O values from -3 to +4.7 ‰ (Hall & Friedman, 1963;Pinkney & Rye, 1972). Hall & Friedman (1963) established that the concentrations of deuterium in ore-stage fluids were relatively high in comparison to that in late gangue calcite which had low deuterium concentrations similar to the local groundwaters. In general MVT ore fluids are similar to SEDEX ore fluids in terms of salinity and homogenization temperatures as indicated above.…”

Section: Mvt Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbonate-Hosted Base Metal Deposits

Kamona¹

2011

Earth and Environmental Sciences

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Section: Mvt Depositsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Mvt Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mvt Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbonate-Hosted Base Metal Deposits

Kamona¹

2011

Earth and Environmental Sciences

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“…The high fluorine concentrations are found specifically in waters poor in calcium and high in carbonate, where fluorite does not control fluorine's solubility. (Reed, 1982) Natural waters-Continued Hall and Friedman (1963);3, Kraynov and others (1969); 4, Kilham and Hecky (1973);5, Jones and others (1977);6, Henderson (1985); 7, Fuge and Andrews (1988);8, Busby and others (1991); 9, Leach and others (1991);10, Davies (1994);11, Plumlee and others (1995);12, Chatterjee and Mohabey (1998);13, Narayana and others (2000); 14, Johnson and Younger (2002);15, Kabata-Pendias and Mukherjee (2007); and references therein; 16, Jacks and others (2005); 17, Roqueñí and others (2005); 18, Sánchez and others (2009);and 19, Arveti and others (2011);20, U.S. Geological Survey (2016). (Reed, 1982) 1 Fluorspar mining area waters-Continued Mineralogy Figure G3A shows the eight possible ore minerals or mineral groups that are fluorine-rich and either are, were, or might someday become fluorine ore minerals.…”

Section: Fluorine In Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plumlee and others (1995) used reaction path modeling to try to better understand the Illinois-Kentucky fluorspar district. They modeled a mineralizing fluid that had the measured compositions for major elements from fluid inclusions in fluorite (Hall and Friedman, 1963;Richardson and others, 1988) and assumed saturation with respect to dolomite, quartz, muscovite, pyrite, sphalerite, galena, and fluorite at 120 °C and a pH of 4.55. They could not reproduce the district's MVT ores in terms of phase abundance or paragenesis until they modeled the addition of 0.5 gram of HF and 0.5 gram of CO 2 to each kilogram of the initial fluid.…”

Section: Mississippi Valley-type Fluorspar Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorine

Hayes¹,

Miller²,

Orris³

et al. 2017

Professional Paper

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For more information on the USGS-the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment-visit https://www.usgs.gov or call 1-888-ASK-USGS.For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit https://store.usgs.gov/.Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public domain, it also may contain copyrighted materials as noted in the text. Permission to reproduce copyrighted items must be secured from the copyright owner.Suggested citation: Hayes, T.S., Miller, M.M., Orris, G.J., and Piatak, N.M., 2017, Fluorine, chap. G of Schulz, K.J., DeYoung, J.H., Jr., Seal, R.R., II, and Bradley, D.C., eds., Critical mineral resources of the United States-Economic and environmental geology and prospects for future supply: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1802, p. G1-G80, https://doi.org/ 10.3133/pp1802G. Supplemental InformationSpecific conductance is given in microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius (µS/cm at 25 °C). Activities for radioactive constituents in air are given in microcuries per milliliter (µCi/mL). ConcentrationsDeposit grades are commonly given in percent, grams per metric ton (g/t)-which is equivalent to parts per million (ppm)-or troy ounces per short ton (oz/T).Geologic ages are expressed in mega-annum (Ma, million years before present, or 10 6 years ago) or giga-annum (Ga, billion years before present, or 10 9 years ago).For ranges of years, "to" and (or) the en dash ("-") mean "up to and including." Concentration unit Equals AbstractFluorine compounds are essential in numerous chemical and manufacturing processes.

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In situ geochemistry of middle Ordovician dolomites of the upper Mississippi valley

Callen

Herrmann

2018

The Depositional Record

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The dolomitization and diagenetic history of Ordovician carbonates of southern Wisconsin is complex. Previous studies attributed dolomitization to various diagenetic factors and environments. In this study, high‐resolution, in situ laser ablation inductively coupled mass spectrometry analysis of rare earth element patterns of dolomite was used to assess the diagenetic fluids responsible for dolomitization of the Ordovician Decorah Formation. Integrated geochemical data and petrographic evidence suggest that the dolostones are formed in two different diagenetic realms: shallow burial and hydrothermal. Shallow burial dolomites exhibit three distinct rare earth element patterns. Dolomite from the middle portion of the Guttenberg Member exhibits light rare earth element enrichment consistent with early burial dolomitization. Dolomites of the Carimona, Specht's Ferry and Lower Guttenberg members are often burrow associated and exhibit medium rare earth element enrichment associated with Fe‐oxide desorption in anoxic porewaters. Leaching of Mg from co‐occurring volcanic ash during alteration is a probable source that contributed to the dolomitization. Extensively dolomitized samples in the upper Guttenberg and Ion Member exhibit evidence of hydrothermal dolomitization. The relationship of these heavily dolomitized samples to interbedded limestones provides evidence for a recently proposed hydrothermal dolomitization model invoking pressure solution of calcite and precipitation of dolomite. These early burial and hydrothermal depositional models are consistent with models proposed for overlying and underlying Ordovician dolostones.

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Composition of fluid inclusions, Cave-in-Rock fluorite district, Illinois, and Upper Mississippi Valley zinc-lead district

Cited by 122 publications

References 0 publications

Carbonate-Hosted Base Metal Deposits

Carbonate-Hosted Base Metal Deposits

Fluorine

In situ geochemistry of middle Ordovician dolomites of the upper Mississippi valley

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