Composition of a Yates Gasoline

Tongberg, C. O.; Fenske, M. R.; Nickels, J. E.

doi:10.1021/ie50325a012

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…• For reports of previous investigations on hydrocarbons in straight-run gasolines, the reader is referred a number of papers publishcd by Fenske and associates from the Petroleum Refining Laboratory of the Pennsylvania State College [6,7,8,9,10 .au: .4…”

Section: Naphthas Investigatedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The intermediate naphtha labeled Ponca, Okla. is from the original Midcontinent petroleum that was under investigation by the API Research Project 6 for many years and from which a total of 69 pure hydrocarbons have been isolated from the gas, gasoline, and kerosine fractions [2]. • For reports of previous investigations on hydrocarbons in straight-run gasolines, the reader is referred a number of papers publishcd by Fenske and associates from the Petroleum Refining Laboratory of the Pennsylvania State College [6,7,8,9,10 .au: .4…”

Section: Naphthas Investigatedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrocarbons in the gasoline fraction of seven representative crudes, including all the distillate to 102 degrees C and the aromatics to 160 degrees C

Forziati¹,

Willingham²,

Mair³

et al. 1944

J. RES. NATL. BUR. STAN.

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This paper is the second report of an investigation on the analysis of the gasoline fraction of representative crude petroleums by the API Research Project 6 at the National Bureau of Standards. The samples for analysis were selected so as to cover the largest possible range in composition; included one high in aromatics, one high in isoparaffins, one high in normal paraffins, and one high in naphthenes (cycloparaffins); and came from the following fields: Ponca, Okla.; East Texas; Bradford, Pa. ; Greendale-Kawkawlin, Mich.; Winkler, Tex.; Midway, Calif.; Conroe, Tex. The fractionating processes of adsorption and distillation were used in the analysis.Data are given on the amounts of the individual hydrocarbons (paraffins and naphthenes, 40 0 to 102 0 C, and aromatics to 160 0 C) in the gasoline fraction of the seven naphthas. A number of conclusions have been drawn from the data. 11...... Journal of Researoh of the National Bureau of Standards INTRODUCTIONA year ago the API Research Project 6 reported a description of a method for analyzing the gasoline fraction of petroleum, with preliminary results on East Texas and Oklahoma crudes [1]. * This was the first report on an investigation of the hydrocarbons in the gasoline fraction of a number of representative crudes, selected so as to cover the largest possible range in composition.The present paper is the second report on this investigation and gives the results obtained on the hydrocarbons in the gasoline fraction of seven different naphthas, covering the paraffins and naphthenes to 102 0 C and the aromatics to 160 0 C. Subsequent reports will deal with the paraffin and naphthene hydrocarbons above 102 0 C and the aromatics above 160 0 C.4 II. NAPHTHAS INVESTIGATEDThe Advisory Committee 6 for the API Research Project 6 drew up the following specifications for the naphthas to be investigated:The gasoline fraction should be the straight-run cut, preferably from large-scale operation or at least obtained by fractionation comparable to refinery fractionation. The 90-percent point should be near 350 0 F (177 0 C). The material should be washed with caustic to remove h ydrogen sulfide. The sample should contain its full proportion of hexanes but should preferably be debutanized. Each contributor should provide 15 gallons of the product, of which 5 gallons should be sent to Project 6 at the National Bureau of Standards and 10 gallons should be retained in safe storage by the supplier.The seven naphthas selected by the Advisory Committee for investigation are shown in table 1, which gives the field from which the crude was produced, the general type of the naphtha, and the company supplying the sample. As may be seen from the table, the naphthas include two which are classed as intermediate, one high in paraffins, one high in normal paraffins, one high in isoparaffins, one high in naphthenes, and one high in aromatics. The intermediate naphtha labeled Ponca, Okla. is from the original Midcontinent petroleum that was under investigation by the API Research P...

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Section: Naphthas Investigatedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Naphthas Investigatedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrocarbons in the gasoline fraction of seven representative crudes, including all the distillate to 102 degrees C and the aromatics to 160 degrees C

Forziati¹,

Willingham²,

Mair³

et al. 1944

J. RES. NATL. BUR. STAN.

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“…The final analysis is in marked contrast to the conclusion which could easily be drawn from Figure 1 that all isomers were present in appreciable quantity. However, the presence of 3-methylpentane has not been proved in all Pennsylvania and East Texas samples (11,12). The virtual absence of 3-methylpentane was unexpected since the compound has been isolated from West Virginia (4) and Oklahoma (2, 7) samples.…”

Section: Composition Of Raffinatementioning

confidence: 99%

Pure Hydrocarbons from Petroleum.

Griswold¹,

Berg²,

Kasch³

1943

Ind. Eng. Chem.

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HE naturally occurring Ca hydrocarbons in crude oil (with the exception of 2,2-dimethylbutane) were isolated by the National Bureau of Standards in A. P. I. Research Project 6 (2, 2A, 3, 7). Bruun, Hicks-Bruun, and Faulconer later isolated the missing isomer from a West Virginia natural gasoline of selected boiling range (4). The sample contained no naphthenes or aromatics, and was resolved by several successive distillations in 52-and 100-plate fractionating columns. This straightforward procedure was not possible for the naphtha from the crude oil, because of the methylcyclopentane, cyclohexane, and benzene present in the Ce fraction.A great deal of information was amassed on naturally occurring hydrocarbons, their physical properties, and their mixture behavior during the course of -4. P. I. Research Project 6. With that as a background, Rossini recently developed a systematic procedure for analyzing the straight-run gasoline fraction of petroleum and published preliminary results on East Texas and Oklahoma samples (IO). The method consists of separating the aromatics by adsorption on silica gel, then performing an "analytical distillation" upon the separated portions. While a single distillation upon each portion resolved them sufficiently for accurate analysis, the distillations must be carried out in a low-capacity column and under very high reflux ratio. The time required is from many hours to as long as several months. One of the purposes of this paper is to show that, by a further initial separation of the sample into essentially paraffinic and naphthenic portions, the analytical distillations are greatly expedited.Pure Ca hydrocarbons are not now being separated from petroleum in commercial quantity, although an immediate demand for them is anticipated as soon as they become T A quantitative analysis for the hydrocarbons present in a narrow-boiling mid-continent hexane fraction (from natural gas) was obtained by nitrating out the benzene, separating the aromatic-free mixture into essentially paraffinic and naphthenic portions, and then fractionating each portion in a Podbielniak Heli-Grid column. In contrast to reports on other straight-run hexane fractions, its 3-methylpentane content was too small for identification of this hydrocarbon.available a t reasonable price. Several commercial "hexanes" are on the market; in general, they are prepared by fractional distillation. These are promising source materials or concentrates for preparation of the pure hydrocarbons. MATERIAL AND FRACTIONATIONA quantity of Skellysolve B was obtained from the Skelly Oil Company who reported the source to be natural gas from the Burbank field of Oklahoma. Inspection tests showed:Distillation--Gravity, A. P. I. 74.9 Initial B. P. 148' F. d i 0 0.6814 5 % over 150 n %o 1.3840 10% 150 Aniline point, O C. 59.2 20% 151 Bromine No., mg./g. 0 . 7 30% 151.5 40% 1.52 50% 152.5 153 153.5 154 155 156 95% End point 165 Recovery 99.0% Residue 0 . 2 Loss 0 . 8 E P ET!As a preliminary analysis, samples of the material were carefully frac...

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“…4 More recently, Tongberg, Fenske, and Nickels [2] have encountered the same fraction in petroleum from the Yates field in Texas. Besides o-xylene, which was extracted, not less than six hydrocarbons are present in the fraction from Oklahoma petroleum, namely, two naphthenes and four isomeric nonanes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Separation of the three methyloctanes from midcontinent petroleum

White¹,

Glasgow²

1937

J. RES. NATL. BUR. STAN.

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The complex methyloctane fraction of an Oklahoma petroleum has been successfully separated into its constituent hydrocarbons. The isolation of three of its seven components, 2-, 3-, and 4-methyloctane, by alternating distillation with extraction and crystallization is described. The three, in the order named, are present in petroleum in the proportion of 3, 1, and 1; the total methyloctane content of the crude oil being about 0.3 percent.The boiling point, freezing point, density, refractive index, and critical solution temperature in aniline have been determined for each compound. CONTENTS Page

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Composition of a Yates Gasoline

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

Hydrocarbons in the gasoline fraction of seven representative crudes, including all the distillate to 102 degrees C and the aromatics to 160 degrees C

Hydrocarbons in the gasoline fraction of seven representative crudes, including all the distillate to 102 degrees C and the aromatics to 160 degrees C

Pure Hydrocarbons from Petroleum.

Separation of the three methyloctanes from midcontinent petroleum

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