Composition and physico-chemical properties of peloids used in Spanish spas: A comparative study

Assessment of three Spanish clays for their use in pelotherapy

“…(-) Not determined (*) data from Pozo et al, 2013 Legido et al, 2007). However, in the mixtures with distilled water the specific heat of Clay3 (2850 J/kg.K) was lower than that of Clay1 and Clay2 (3230 J/kg.K y 3340 J/kg.K, respectively) due to the Clay3 mixture requiring less water (see Table 5).…”

“…The data obtained for the mixtures were compared with those previously reported for peloids used in five spas in Spain (Carretero et al, 2010;Pozo et al, 2013) and seven in Turkey (Karakaya et al, 2010) to determine their suitability for use in pelotherapy.…”

“…These were measured using a Brookfield LFRA 4500 texture analyzer with a spherical stainless steel TA-10mmD probe following the methodology described by many authors (Armijo, 2007;Fry and Hudson, 1983;Pozo et al, 2013).…”

“…These include cation exchange capacity, granulometry, adsorption capacity, pH, plasticity, rheological and thermal properties (Carretero et al, 2006Veniale et al, 2007). Others determined by some authors for peloids traditionally used in spas are percent water, solids and ash in the clay-water mixture prior to maturation, swelling, color, density, abrasiveness and instrumental texture (cohesiveness, hardness, adhesiveness and springiness) (Karakaya et al, 2010;Pozo et al, 2013). Knowledge of the microfabric at the electron microscope level is also essential, as shown recently by Gámiz et al (2009).…”

Study of traditional Tunisian medina clays used in therapeutic and cosmetic mud-packs

“…Many semisolid health care products include clays as dispersing and anticaking agents, because of their high surface areas and colloidal dimensions . Clays are also used as ingredients of traditional medicines (Carretero et al, 2006) and besides other natural products are currently employed in several indigenous Euro-Mediterranean therapies, as for example the preparation of therapeutic mud-packs (Espejo-Antúnez et al, 2013;Gomes et al, 2013;Karakaya et al, 2010;Morganti et al, 2001;Pozo et al, 2013;Quintela et al, 2012;Veniale et al, 2004). In the Maghreb countries, mud-packs are prepared in domestic setting by using tap water and clays commercialized in medina stores.…”