Composition and in Vitro Digestibility of Monosaccharide Constituents of Selected Byproduct Feeds

Miron, J.; Yosef, Edith; Ben‐Ghedalia, D.

doi:10.1021/jf0008700

Cited by 101 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Observations of 24 and 48 h NDF digestibility were all high suggesting the fiber portion of all feeds is highly digestible and similar to that observed by Miron et al (2001) and Getachew et al (2004). The IVDMD at 24 and 48 h of incubation decreased exponentially as ADIN increased (Figure 1).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

“…The intact and DFR substrates of HP-DDG were not different (P < 0.05). The fractional rate of fermentation was faster for intact than for either NDF or DFR, likely because these samples had a greater concentration of nonfiber carbohydrates that ferment more rapidly than fiber (Miron et al, 2001). In addition, the defatted residue had a lower lag time than either the intact or NDR substrates likely because the chemical treatment affected the physical structure of the feed and reduced the toxic effect of lipids, easing the attachment and access by the microbes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Effects of chemical composition variation on the dynamics of ruminal fermentation and biological value of corn milling (co)products

Tedeschi

Kononoff

Karges³

et al. 2009

Journal of Dairy Science

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The objectives of this study were to evaluate the dynamics of gas production of several corn (co)products, to develop equations to predict the rate of ruminal fiber digestion, to estimate total digestible nutrients (TDN) and net energy for lactation (NE L ), and to assess the stochasticity of chemical composition and nutritive value variability. Four corn milling (co)products were evaluated in this study: high protein dried distillers grains (HP-DDG), corn bran (BRAN) and dehydrated germ (GERM), and a dried distillers grains plus soluble produced with a low-heat drying process (BPX). Alfalfa hay was used as an internal standard feed in the in vitro fermentation dynamics analysis. Standard chemical analyses, in vitro digestibility, and in vitro gas production techniques were used to obtain the necessary physicochemical characterization of feeds. The in vitro dry matter digestibility at 24 and 48 h of incubation decreased exponentially as acid detergent insoluble nitrogen increased. However, the degree of in vitro dry matter digestibility reduction was more accentuated at 24 than at 48 h of incubation. The difference among these feeds regarding the dynamics of the anaerobic fermentation within different substrates (intact feed, and fiber and defatted residues) was evaluated. Results suggested that the proportion of fiber digested in the rumen was affected by the degree of sample processing and fat removal. Fractional fermentation rate (kf) of neutral detergent residue (without sodium sulfite) and defatted fiber residue for BRAN, GERM, HP-DDG, and BPX was estimated to be 0.0635 and 0.0852 h −1 , 0.0803 and 0.0914 h , respectively. The most influential variables affecting kf NDR of HP-DDG and BPX also affected the predicted TDN, suggesting that fiber quality is essential to ensure higher TDN values for these feeds. Our study indicated that it is possible to routinely quantify the rate of fiber digestion and this approach may be based on common analytical procedures namely estimates of neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, acid detergent insoluble nitrogen, ether extract, and acid detergent lignin. Our simulations of TDN values demonstrated that differences in fermentability and chemical composition of these corn (co)products might considerably affect the supply of energy to lactating dairy cow. The analytical methods developed in this study may serve as a valuable tool to assess nutrient quality and uniformity when samples differ in chemical composition.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effects of chemical composition variation on the dynamics of ruminal fermentation and biological value of corn milling (co)products

Tedeschi

Kononoff

Karges³

et al. 2009

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…Although the high total uronic acid content of the sugar beet pulp used (204 mg g -1 DM) corresponded with data from the literature [150 to 300 mg g -1 DM (Turquios et al 1999)], the content of the batch of apple pulp used was only 119 mg g -1 DM compared to 150 to 200 mg g -1 DM reported elsewhere (Kling and Wöhlbier 1983). The total uronic acid content of the soybean hulls (105 mg g -1 ) was also low compared to the 148 mg g -1 DM reported by Miron et al (2001).…”

Section: Discussion Carbohydrate Composition Of the Experimental Feedscontrasting

confidence: 55%

Effects of feed carbohydrates with contrasting properties on rumen fermentation and methane release in vitro

Hindrichsen¹,

Wettstein²,

Machmüller³

et al. 2004

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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M. 2004. Effect of feed carbohydrates with contrasting properties on rumen fermentation and methane release in vitro. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 84: 265-276. The RUSITEC system was used to test eight diets where the supplements differed in their main carbohydrate source. The forage-to-supplement ratio was 1:1. The eight feeds characterizing the supplements by specific carbohydrates were oat hulls (modeling lignified fiber), soybean hulls (non-lignified fiber), apple pulp (pectin), sugar beet pulp (hemicelluloses and pectin), guar gum (galactomannan), Jerusalem artichoke tubers (fructan), molasses (sucrose), and wheat (starch). Supplements were isoenergetic and iso-nitrogenous. The dietary carbohydrate fractions were analyzed in detail with a combination of enzymatic and chemical methods. The methane release (mmol g -1 degraded organic matter) increased in the order of diets characterized by oat hulls (0.92), guar gum (0.99), wheat (1.04), soybean hulls (1.13), apple pulp (1.15), Jerusalem artichoke (1.21), sugar beet pulp (1.24), and molasses (1.37). According to multiple regression analysis, diets with high sugar content enhanced methane release while methane was low with high dietary lignin content. Regressions also showed that different fibrous carbohydrates had only a minor effect on methane release, probably due to lignification of the fiber. The present results suggest that equations for the estimation of methane emission of ruminants should consider dietary carbohydrate composition and lignin content. Les huit aliments modifiant le supplément par leur source de glucides étaient la balle d'avoine (modélisation de la cellulose lignifiée), la pellicule de soja (cellulose non lignifiée), la pulpe de pomme (pectine), la pulpe de betterave sucrière (hémicelluloses et pectine), la gomme de guar (galactomannane), le topinambour (fructane), la mélasse (sucrose) et le blé (amidon). Les suppléments contenaient la même quantité d'azote et d'énergie. Les auteurs ont analysé soigneusement la fraction de glucides alimentaires par des méthodes chimiques et enzymatiques. Le volume de méthane libéré (mmol par gramme de matière organique dégradée) augmente dans l'ordre suivant : balle d'avoine (0,92), gomme de guar (0,99), blé (1,04), pellicule de soja (1,13), pulpe de pomme (1,15), topinambour (1,21), pulpe de betterave sucrière (1,24) et mélasse (1,37). Selon l'analyse par régression multiple, les rations à forte teneur en sucre accroissent les dégagements de méthane, qui sont plus faibles avec les régimes riches en lignine. Les régressions montrent aussi que les divers hydrates de carbone fibreux n'ont qu'une incidence minime sur la libération de méthane, sans doute à cause de la lignification de la cellulose. Les résultats donnent à penser que les équations servant à estimer les dégagements de méthane par les ruminants devraient tenir compte de la composition des hydrates de carbone et de la concentration de lignine dans la ration.

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“…Esses valores refletem a quantidade e qualidade da fração fibrosa presente nos subprodutos ou nos alimentos avaliados, sobretudo o grau de lignificação e complexação dos componentes da parede celular vegetal. Por exemplo, a casca de soja, apesar do alto teor de fibra, apresenta pouca lignina e elevada concentração de pectina e hemicelulose prontamente fermentescíveis (Arruda et al, 2003;Coverdale et al, 2004;Miron et al, 2001;Van Soest, 1994). Silva (1999) avaliou a degradabilidade ruminal da casca de soja e observou a presença de parede celular altamente propícia à atividade fibrolítica.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Avaliação de alimentos alternativos para cavalos adultos da raça Crioulo

Arruda

Ribeiro²,

Pereira

2009

R. Bras. Zootec.

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RESUMO -Objetivou-se nesta pesquisa avaliar alimentos alternativos para cavalos adultos caracterizados como subprodutos agroindustriais por meio da digestibilidade dos nutrientes. Utilizaram-se cinco animais da raça crioulo em gaiolas de metabolismo individuais alimentados com cinco dietas: uma dieta-referência contendo ração peletizada e feno de capimtifton 85 e outras quatro, com substituição de 30%, com base no peso (kg/kg), da dieta-referência por resíduo de soja, casca de soja, casca de trigo e casca de milho. Os melhores coeficientes de digestibilidade de matéria seca, proteína bruta, extrato etéreo, fibra em detergente neutro e fibra em detergente ácido foram de 68,05% para a dieta com casca de milho, 61,38% para a dieta-referência, 64,50% para a dieta com resíduo de soja, 84,32% para a dieta com casca de milho e 60,62% para a dieta com casca de soja, respectivamente. O maior valor de matéria seca digestível foi obtido com a dieta-referência (62,10%), enquanto com as demais dietas, o valor médio foi de 50,22% de matéria seca digestível. Para os alimentos alternativos, os maiores valores de proteína bruta, extrato etéreo, fibra em detergente neutro e fibra em detergente ácido digestíveis, foram obtidos com casca de trigo (7,53%), resíduo de soja (5,11%) e casca de soja (53,04 e 40,77%), respectivamente, destacando-se a disponibilidade de proteína da casca de trigo e a degradabilidade da fibra da casca de soja. Esses alimentos podem ser utilizados na alimentação de eqüinos, pois não comprometem a saúde do trato digestório. O nível de inclusão e a combinação desses subprodutos no balanceamento das dietas dependem da disponibilidade e do custo na região. Palavras-chave: eqüinos, nutrição, subprodutos agroindustriais Evaluation of alternative feeds for adult Creole horsesABSTRACT -The objective of this research was to evaluate alternative feeds for adult horses characterized as agroindustrial by-products through the total apparent digestibility and digestible nutrients determinations with Creole adult horses. Five animals were housed in individual metabolism cages and fed with five experimental diets, starting from a reference diet containing peletized ration and Tifton -85 hay, and other four with the replacement of 30% with weight basis (kg/kg) of the reference diet for each one of the agro industrial by-products, soybean residue, soybean hulls, wheat hulls and corn hulls. The best digestibility values for dry matter, crude protein, ethereal extract, neutral and acid detergent fiber, were obtained with the corn hulls diet (68.05%), reference diet (61.38%), soybean residue diet (64.50%), corn hulls diet (84.32%) and soybean hulls diet (60.62%), respectively. The highest digestible dry matter value was observed with reference diet (62.10%) and the others treatments presented mean value of 50.22%. To each one of the alternative feeds tested in this study, the highest values for digestible protein, ether extract, neutral and acid detergent fiber were observed with wheat hulls (7.53%), soybean residue (5.11%), so...

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Composition and in Vitro Digestibility of Monosaccharide Constituents of Selected Byproduct Feeds

Cited by 101 publications

References 29 publications

Effects of chemical composition variation on the dynamics of ruminal fermentation and biological value of corn milling (co)products

Effects of chemical composition variation on the dynamics of ruminal fermentation and biological value of corn milling (co)products

Effects of feed carbohydrates with contrasting properties on rumen fermentation and methane release in vitro

Avaliação de alimentos alternativos para cavalos adultos da raça Crioulo

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