Composition Analysis of Salsola grandis and Its Effects on Colon Cancer Cells

Abstract

The success of drug treatment of colon cancer (CC), which is in the top three in terms of incidence and mortality among all cancers, is adversely affected by reasons such as severe side effects and chemoresistance. Clinical, epidemiological and experimental studies have indicated the need for developing new alternative drugs for the treatment of CC. Plants are an important source of traditional medicines that have proven to be highly beneficial for the treatment of CC. In this study, we aimed to reveal the antioxidant properties and anti-carcinogenic activity of Salsola grandis methanol extract (SGME) on HT-29. For this purpose, we applied spectrophotometric methods to determine the antioxidant properties of SGME, and LC-MS/MS analysis to measure the phenolic acid composition. We applied 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide, the thiazolyl blue (MTT) method to evaluate its effects on cell viability, ELISA assay, real time PCR and western blot method to reveal its effects on apoptosis. Spectrophotometric analyzes showed that SGME has the highest phenolic acid content, inhibits plasma lipid peroxidation and shows chelating activity and radical scavenging activity. Gene and protein expression analysis revealed the effects of SGME treatment on apoptosis genes/proteins. These findings show that SGME has anticarcinogenic activity on CC thanks to its antioxidant, cell viability-supressing and apoptosis-inducing properties.