Composite neuropsychological batteries and demographic correction: Standardization based on equivalent scores, with a review of Published Data

Capitani, Erminio; Laiacona, Marcella

doi:10.1080/01688639708403761

Cited by 162 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…For each test of the battery, details on administration procedures and Italian normative data for score adjustment based on age and education as well as normality cutoff scores (≥95% of the lower tolerance limit of the normal population distribution) were available [27,28]. Functional status was assessed with the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) [16] and the Instrumental Activities of Daily living (IADL) [17] scales.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body Mass Index Predicts Progression of Mild Cognitive Impairment to Dementia

Cova

Clerici

Maggiore

et al. 2016

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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Aims: To examine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and progression to dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Materials and Methods: Two hundred and twenty-eight MCI subjects (mean age 74.04 ± 6.94 years; 57% female) from a memory clinic were followed for 2.40 ± 1.58 years. Baseline height and weight were used to calculate the BMI. The main outcome was progression to dementia (DSM-IV criteria) and AD (NINCDS-ADRDA criteria). Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the longitudinal association of BMI with dementia and AD, adjusting for a comprehensive set of covariates, including vascular risk factors/diseases and neuroimaging profiles. Results: Out of 228 subjects with MCI, 117 (51.3%) progressed to dementia. Eighty-nine (76%) of the incident dementia cases had AD. In both unadjusted and multi-adjusted models, a higher BMI was associated with a reduced risk of dementia (multi-adjusted HR 0.9; 95% CI 0.8-0.9) and AD (multi-adjusted HR 0.9; 95% CI 0.8-0.9). Being underweight increased the risk of all types of dementia (multi-adjusted HR 2.5; 95% CI 1.2-5.1) but was not specifically associated with AD (multi-adjusted HR 2.2; 95% CI 0.9-5.3). Conclusions: BMI predicted progression of MCI to dementia and AD. In particular, a higher BMI was associated with a lower risk of dementia and AD, and underweight was associated with a higher risk of dementia. BMI assessment may improve the prognostic accuracy of MCI in clinical practice.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body Mass Index Predicts Progression of Mild Cognitive Impairment to Dementia

Cova

Clerici

Maggiore

et al. 2016

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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“…The neuropsychological testing battery included: the MMSE to evaluate global cognitive functioning [18]; Logical Memory from the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised [19]. Visual Memory was assessed with the Benton visual memory test [20], the Digital Span Test, which explores attention and some executive functions [21], the Stroop Test to investigate the inhibition process [22]; Raven’s Coloured Progressive Matrices Test for nonverbal reasoning [23] and the Corsi span and supraspan learning test [24]. In addition, the scores for physical activities of daily living were estimated using the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) index and the Instrumental-ADL (IADL) [25]; depression was assessed with the Geriatric Depression Scale [26].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levetiracetam versus Carbamazepine in Patients with Late Poststroke Seizures: A Multicenter Prospective Randomized Open-Label Study (EpIC Project)

et al. 2012

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Background: Strokes are the leading cause of epileptic seizures in adults and account for 50% of seizures in those over the age of 65 years. The use of antiepileptic drugs to prevent recurrent poststroke seizures is recommended. Methods: One hundred and twenty-eight patients with poststroke seizures were randomly allocated to treatment with either levetiracetam (LEV) or sustained-release carbamazepine (CBZ) in a multicenter randomized open-label study. After a titration study phase (2 weeks), the optimal individual dose of trial medication was determined and treatment was continued for another 52 weeks. The primary endpoint was defined as the proportion of seizure-free patients; the secondary endpoints were: evaluation of time recurrence to the first seizure, EEG tracings, cognitive functions and side effects. Results: Of 128 patients, 22 discontinued the trial prematurely; thus a total of 106 patients (52 treated with LEV and 54 treated with CBZ) were included in the analysis. The results of the study were as follows: no significant difference in number of seizure-free patients between LEV and CBZ (p = 0.08); time to the first recurrence tended to be longer among patients on LEV; there was no correlation between the therapeutic effect and the EEG findings in either treatment group; LEV caused significantly fewer (p = 0.02) side effects than CBZ; attention deficit, frontal executive functions and functional scales (Activities of Daily Living and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living indices) were significantly worse in the CBZ group. Conclusions: This trial suggests that LEV may be a valid alternative to CBZ in poststroke seizures, particularly in terms of efficacy and safety. In addition, our results show that LEV has significant advantages over CBZ on cognitive functions. This trial also indicates that LEV in monotherapy is a safe and effective therapeutic option in elderly patients who have suffered epileptic seizures following a stroke.

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“…Subsequently, TMT-B scores were transformed into equivalent scores (ES) [21] calculated through a quantile-based, nonparametric norming method. ES methodology allows to convert age and education adjusted scores into an ordinal 5-point scale (ranging from 0 to 4) [22].…”

Section: B Neuropsychological Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of Impaired Performance in Trail Making Test in MCI Patients With Small Vessel Disease Using DTI Data

Ciulli

Citi

Salvadori

et al. 2016

IEEE J. Biomed. Health Inform.

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Abstract-Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a common condition in patients with diffuse hyperintensities of cerebral white matter (WM) in T2-weighted magnetic resonance images and cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). In MCI due to SVD, the most prominent feature of cognitive impairment lies in degradation of executive functions, i.e. of processes which supervise the organization and execution of complex behavior. The Trail Making Test (TMT) is a widely employed test sensitive to cognitive processing speed and executive functioning. MCI due to SVD has been hypothesized to be the effect of WM damage and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a well-established technique for in-vivo characterization of WM. We propose a machine learning scheme tailored to 1) predicting the impairment in executive functions in patients with MCI and SVD, and 2) examining the brain substrates of this impairment. We employed data from 40 MCI patients with SVD and created feature vectors by averaging mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy maps within 50 WM regions of interest. We trained support vector machines (SVMs) with polynomial as well as radial basis function kernels using different DTI-derived features while simultaneously optimizing parameters in leave-one-out nested crossvalidation. The best performance was obtained using MD features only and linear kernel SVMs, which were able to distinguish an impaired performance with high sensitivity (72.7%-89.5%), specificity (71.4%-83.3%) and accuracy (77.5%-80.0%). While brain substrates of executive functions are still debated, feature ranking confirm that MD in several WM regions, not limited to the frontal lobes, are truly predictive of executive functions.

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Composite neuropsychological batteries and demographic correction: Standardization based on equivalent scores, with a review of Published Data

Cited by 162 publications

References 21 publications

Body Mass Index Predicts Progression of Mild Cognitive Impairment to Dementia

Body Mass Index Predicts Progression of Mild Cognitive Impairment to Dementia

Levetiracetam versus Carbamazepine in Patients with Late Poststroke Seizures: A Multicenter Prospective Randomized Open-Label Study (EpIC Project)

Prediction of Impaired Performance in Trail Making Test in MCI Patients With Small Vessel Disease Using DTI Data

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