Body Mass Index Predicts Progression of Mild Cognitive Impairment to Dementia

Abstract

Aims: To examine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and progression to dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Materials and Methods: Two hundred and twenty-eight MCI subjects (mean age 74.04 ± 6.94 years; 57% female) from a memory clinic were followed for 2.40 ± 1.58 years. Baseline height and weight were used to calculate the BMI. The main outcome was progression to dementia (DSM-IV criteria) and AD (NINCDS-ADRDA criteria). Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the longitudinal association of BMI with dementia and AD, adjusting for a comprehensive set of covariates, including vascular risk factors/diseases and neuroimaging profiles. Results: Out of 228 subjects with MCI, 117 (51.3%) progressed to dementia. Eighty-nine (76%) of the incident dementia cases had AD. In both unadjusted and multi-adjusted models, a higher BMI was associated with a reduced risk of dementia (multi-adjusted HR 0.9; 95% CI 0.8-0.9) and AD (multi-adjusted HR 0.9; 95% CI 0.8-0.9). Being underweight increased the risk of all types of dementia (multi-adjusted HR 2.5; 95% CI 1.2-5.1) but was not specifically associated with AD (multi-adjusted HR 2.2; 95% CI 0.9-5.3). Conclusions: BMI predicted progression of MCI to dementia and AD. In particular, a higher BMI was associated with a lower risk of dementia and AD, and underweight was associated with a higher risk of dementia. BMI assessment may improve the prognostic accuracy of MCI in clinical practice.

Long-Term Subclinical Hyperglycemia and Hypoglycemia as Independent Risk Factors for Mild Cognitive Impairment in Elderly People

“…There were many potential risk factors for cognitive impairment, such as sex, age, body mass index and blood pressure (Stein et al 2012;Cova et al 2016;Tully et al 2016). However, the present study did not find any differences in sex, age and body mass index between the MCI patients and the non-MCI subjects.…”

Rheumatoid Arthritis Was Negatively Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease: A Population-Based Case-Control Study

“…First, some lifestyle information, laboratory records on inflammatory biomarkers, family history, and genetic factors are not available in the LHID2005. These factors are considered to affect cognitive function and might confound the association between prior RA and AD [35–37]. Second, the LHID2005 provides no detailed records of biochemical tests, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, or medical imaging.…”

Body Mass Index in Mild Cognitive Impairment According to Age, Sex, Cognitive Intervention, and Hypertension and Risk of Progression to Alzheimer's Disease

“…However, there are few studies on the relationship between BMI and AD in MCI subjects. A recent study of 228 MCI subjects reported that the overweight or obese group had a reduced risk of both dementia and AD, while the underweight group had a higher risk of dementia but not AD, compared to the normal weight group [ 8 ]. Other study has investigated this relationship in MCI subjects, suggesting that, the underweight group had a higher risk while the obese group had a lower risk of AD compared to the normal weight group [ 9 ].…”