Composite magnetorheological elastomers for tactile displays: Enhanced MR-effect through bi-layer composition

Alkhalaf, Ali; Hooshiar, Amir; Dargahi, Javad

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2020.107888

Cited by 37 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…[ 81 ] SR‐based MREs with CIPs as magnetic fillers are by far the most common type of elastomer that has been produced. [ 33,82–84 ] For instance, membranes based on MREs were synthesized by using SR, SO, CIPs (sized between 4.5 and 5.4 μm of diameter), and graphene nanoparticles. [ 85 ] In many cases, these MREs were fabricated to be used as dielectric components for capacitors, deposited on a cotton fabric ( Figure a).…”

Section: Materials Processing and Functional Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Taking advantage of this sensitivity and high flexibility of the MRE, the TENG was implemented as a proof‐of‐concept self‐powered bimode sensor for motions and magnetic fields, as shown in Figure 5b. Magnetoactive elastomers have also found usefulness in other applications that require sensing capabilities, such as tactile displays [ 84 ] or even self‐actuated magnetoactive structures. [ 127 ]…”

Section: Applications Of Mr Elastomersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetorheological Elastomer‐Based Materials and Devices: State of the Art and Future Perspectives

et al. 2021

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Magnetorheological elastomers based on the combination of a polymeric matrix with magnetic fillers allow the possibility of controlling their mechanical properties when an external magnetic field is applied. This so‐called magnetorheological effect can be exploited for a variety of applications. Herein, a comprehensive outlook at the state of the art is provided, in terms of the materials, effects, and applications. The physical effects that result in the magnetorheological effect are described, both from a micro and phenomenological points of view. Then, the possible combinations of different polymeric matrices and magnetic fillers, along with other additives, are presented, allowing to tune the mechanical properties, mainly dependent on the polymer matrix, and the magnetic field response, which is related to the magnetic filler. Finally, representative applications of magnetorheological elastomers are presented. This review represents an up‐to‐date state‐of‐the‐art in the field of magnetorheological elastomers as a ground to highlight the main achievements and point the specific needs to improve their response and applicability by further tuning materials and configurations.

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Section: Materials Processing and Functional Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Applications Of Mr Elastomersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetorheological Elastomer‐Based Materials and Devices: State of the Art and Future Perspectives

et al. 2021

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“…As of 2020, MR elastomers and gels are actively researched to enable unprecedented material properties such as lower off‐state viscosity, [ 70,71 ] 3D printability, [ 72 ] off‐axis anisotropicity for directional actuation, [ 73 ] surface‐modified magnetic particles for better dispersion, [ 74 ] novel polymer matrix for lower cytotoxicity, [ 75 ] and fiber reinforcement of MR elastomers to strengthen the matrix and guide the field‐induced alignment of magnetic particles. [ 76 ] Recently demonstrated applications that harness the dimensional modulation of MR gels and elastomers include precisely controllable peristaltic pumps, [ 77 ] enhanced contrast for tactile displays, [ 78 ] and grippers for transporting objects. [ 76 ] All these applications are within the category of magnetic soft actuators being used for soft robotics operation.…”

Section: Materials: Classification and Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetically Controlled Soft Robotics Utilizing Elastomers and Gels in Actuation: A Review

Chung

Parsons

Zheng

2020

Advanced Intelligent Systems

101

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A magnetic field has unique advantages in controlling soft robotics inside of an enclosed space, such as surgical catheters or untethered drug‐delivering robots operating in the human body. Soft actuators, made of elastomers and gels functionalized with magnetically active materials, are natural choices to drive magnetically controlled motions of soft robots. Recent innovations in soft material technologies, including 3D printing, origami/kirigami, tough hydrogels, mechanical metamaterials, and liquid metal‐injected elastomers, offer technological foundations to develop soft actuators and robots with significantly enhanced performance. Herein, an overview of magnetic soft actuators and robots from a materials engineer's perspective is provided. First, the historical background and recent trends of magnetic soft actuators are discussed. Second, the motions of tethered or untethered magnetic soft robotics are classified into aquatic swimmers, terrestrial locomotors, and grippers. Herein, preprogrammed motion under patterned magnetic stimuli is achieved by controlled magnetization of elastomeric materials containing hard magnetic particles. Finally, the applications of magnetically controlled soft robotics in surgical and therapeutic medical devices are discussed.

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“…Additionally, these sensors should work in both static and dynamic loading conditions while showing low hysteresis and non-linearity [ 17 ]. The output of such tactile sensors can be relayed to surgeons via visual feedback [ 18 , 19 , 20 ] or through tactile displays [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. The choice of the sensing principle for tactile sensors highly depends on the requirements of the surgical application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Fiber Array Sensor for Force Estimation and Localization in TAVI Procedure: Design, Modeling, Analysis and Validation

Bandari

Dargahi

Packirisamy

2021

Sensors

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Transcatheter aortic valve implantation has shown superior clinical outcomes compared to open aortic valve replacement surgery. The loss of the natural sense of touch, inherited from its minimally invasive nature, could lead to misplacement of the valve in the aortic annulus. In this study, a cylindrical optical fiber sensor is proposed to be integrated with valve delivery catheters. The proposed sensor works based on intensity modulation principle and is capable of measuring and localizing lateral force. The proposed sensor was constituted of an array of optical fibers embedded on a rigid substrate and covered by a flexible shell. The optical fibers were modeled as Euler–Bernoulli beams with both-end fixed boundary conditions. To study the sensing principle, a parametric finite element model of the sensor with lateral point loads was developed and the deflection of the optical fibers, as the determinant of light intensity modulation was analyzed. Moreover, the sensor was fabricated, and a set of experiments were performed to study the performance of the sensor in lateral force measurement and localization. The results showed that the transmitted light intensity decreased up to 24% for an external force of 1 N. Additionally, the results showed the same trend between the simulation predictions and experimental results. The proposed sensor was sensitive to the magnitude and position of the external force which shows its capability for lateral force measurement and localization.

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Composite magnetorheological elastomers for tactile displays: Enhanced MR-effect through bi-layer composition

Cited by 37 publications

References 58 publications

Magnetorheological Elastomer‐Based Materials and Devices: State of the Art and Future Perspectives

Magnetorheological Elastomer‐Based Materials and Devices: State of the Art and Future Perspectives

Magnetically Controlled Soft Robotics Utilizing Elastomers and Gels in Actuation: A Review

Optical Fiber Array Sensor for Force Estimation and Localization in TAVI Procedure: Design, Modeling, Analysis and Validation

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