Abstract:Polymeric foams are cell structures (porous microstructures) that have been frequently made from synthetic polymers for use in the development of food packaging. Due to the problems concerning the environmental impact caused by polymers from the petrochemical industry, the foams have been more recently studied from biodegradable polymers. However, the polymer materials obtained are usually susceptible to moisture, thus conditioning the collapse of the porous structure of the material. As an alternative, the co… Show more
“…In the recent years, there was an increasing interest of both academic and industrial research on foamed materials paying particular attention in the development of environmentally friendly processes and materials that can be used in these high-volume productions [4][5][6]. In this context, biodegradable polymers obtained by renewable sources can be considered a possible approach to reduce the overall environmental impact and solve the disposal problem, especially when recycling is difficult or when biodegradation is a functional requirement of the product [7][8][9].…”
This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
“…In the recent years, there was an increasing interest of both academic and industrial research on foamed materials paying particular attention in the development of environmentally friendly processes and materials that can be used in these high-volume productions [4][5][6]. In this context, biodegradable polymers obtained by renewable sources can be considered a possible approach to reduce the overall environmental impact and solve the disposal problem, especially when recycling is difficult or when biodegradation is a functional requirement of the product [7][8][9].…”
This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
“…Foams made from conventional fossil-based polymers, such as expanded polystyrene (EPS) and polyurethane (PU), are frequently used in the food packaging sector. However, these polymers do not degrade naturally, and recycling them is not profitable, whereas foams produced from biodegradable polymers could be a promising solution to solve the disposal problem posed by petroleum-based polymeric foams [117][118][119]. Alongside starch, the most investigated biodegradable polymers for the development of biodegradable composite foams are polybutylene succinate (PBS), polycaprolactone (PCL), polylactic acid (PLA), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) [117,118,120].…”
Section: Biodegradable Foamsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Several strategies, especially the formation of composites using additives, reinforcing fibers, fillers, or blending between materials, have been investigated to improve biodegradable foams' properties [118,120]. De Carvalho et al [121] produced cassava-starch-based biodegradable foam trays coated with polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) with a higher degree of hydrolysis.…”
Agricultural waste has been a prominent environmental concern due to its significant negative impact on the environment when it is incinerated, disposed of in landfills, or burned. These scenarios promoted innovations in the food packaging sector using renewable resources, namely agri-food waste and by-products such as bagasse, pulps, roots, shells, straws, and wastewater for the extraction and isolation of biopolymers that are later transformed into packaging materials such as bioplastics, biofilms, paper, and cardboards, among others. In this context, the circular bioeconomy (CBE) model is shown in the literature as a viable alternative for designing more sustainable production chains. Moreover, the biorefinery concept has been one of the main links between the agri-food chain and the food packaging industry. This review article aimed to compile recent advances in the food packaging field, presenting main industrial and scientific innovations, economic data, and the challenges the food packaging sector has faced in favor of sustainable development.
“…Biomass based on polysaccharides such as starch (native, thermoplastic etc. ), cellulose and its derivatives (carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, methyl cellulose), alginate, chitin, chitosan (Cs), maltodextrin, agar, pectin, carrageenan, heparin, chondroitin, glucomannan, pullulan, kefiran, curdlan and gums (gellan, guar, locust bean, mesquite, tara) can be used as pure polymer, polymer matrix or filler (Miller and Krochta 1997;Tharanathan 2003;Lacroix and Le Tien 2005;Falguera et al 2011;Bonilla et al 2012;Cirillo et al 2015;Zia et al 2015;Cazón et al 2017;Gutiérrez 2017a;Araque et al 2018). The mostly studied polysaccharide biomasses and their properties are summarized below.…”
Biobased polymers are of great interest due to the release of tension on non-renewable petroleum-based polymers for environmental concerns. However, biobased polymers usually have poor mechanical and barrier properties when used as the main component of coatings and films, but they can be improved by adding nanoscale reinforcing agents (nanoparticles - NPs or fillers), thus forming nanocomposites. The nano-sized components have a larger surface area that favors the filler-matrix interactions and the resulting material yield. For example, natural fibers from renewable plants could be used to improve the mechanical strength of the biobased composites. In addition to the mechanical properties, the optical, thermal and barrier properties are mainly effective on the selection of type or the ratio of biobased components. Biobased nanocomposites are one of the best alternatives to conventional polymer composites due to their low density, transparency, better surface properties and biodegradability, even with low filler contents. In addition, these biomaterials are also incorporated into composite films as nano-sized bio-fillers for the reinforcement or as carriers of some bioactive compounds. Therefore, nanostructures may provide antimicrobial properties, oxygen scavenging ability, enzyme immobilization or act as a temperature or oxygen sensor. The promising result of biobased functional polymer nanocomposites is shelf life extension of foods, and continuous improvements will face the future challenges. This chapter will focus on biobased materials used in nanocomposite polymers with their functional properties for food packaging applications.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.