Comportement <i>in vitro</i> de bourgeons axillaires de type indéterminé du palmier dattier (<i>Phoenix dactylifera</i>)

When subjected to micropropagation by tissue culture, the two reputed cultivars of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L .) ; Bou-Sthammi noire, resistant to Bayoud disease and Bou-Feggous, of high fruit quality, give rise to three types of calli, called white and root-forming callus, hyperhydric and degenerating callus and friable and embryogenic callus . All explant sources, calli and germinated embryos were analysed by denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) for acid soluble protein composition . Phenol-oxidizing enzymes ; peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase, were also, evaluated and the isoforms separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis . When compared with the explant and germinated embryos, embryogenic calli of the two date palm cultivars could be identified by a concentrated polypeptide of molecular weight 27 500' and polypeptides of molecular weights 70 000 and 1 1 500. Hyperhydric and degenerating callus contained the polypeptide exhibiting the molecular weight 32 000 . Embryogenic calli showed high levels of soluble, ionically and covalently bound peroxidases . The soluble acidic isoperoxidase of Rf 0 .60, revealed in these calli and germinated embryos could be a marker of the two tissues . White and root-forming calli of Bou-Feggous cultivar were typified by soluble acidic isoperoxidases with high mobility (Rf 0 .75) and anodic ionically wall-bound polyphenoloxidases similar to those of the explant sources . Polyphenoloxidase activities detected in calli and embryos were very low when compared with those of explants . Used as an early test to screen embryogenic calli of date palm, acid soluble proteins, peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase data could lead to introduce lightening and economy in the tissue culture technique .

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“…(1984), Daikh & Demarly (1987), Daguin & Letouze (1988), Rehman et al . (1988) and Bouguedoura et al . (1990) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Electrophoretic patterns of acid soluble proteins and active isoforms of peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase typifying calli and somatic embryos of two reputed date palm cultivars in Morocco

et al. 1994

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“…Thus, extensive efforts have been undertaken to mass-propagate date palms using in vitro techniques. In order to establish aseptic cultures, various explants have been used, including zygotic embryos (Ammar and Benbadis, 1977;Reynolds and Murashige, 1979), shoot tips (Veramendi and Navarro, 1996), lateral buds (Drira, 1983;Bouguedoura et al, 1990), leaves (Bhaskaran and Smith, 1992;Fki et al, 2003) or infloresAbbreviations: 2,4-D, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid; 2iP, 2-isopentyl adenine; ANOVA, analysis of variance; IBA, indole-3-butyric acid; MS, Murashige cences (Drira and Benbadis, 1985;Bhaskaran and Smith, 1992;Fki et al, 2003). Several authors have clearly favored somatic embryogenesis, mainly because of its greater potential for mass propagation (Poulain et al, 1979;Reynolds and Murashige, 1979;Tisserat and De Mason, 1980;Daguin and Letouze, 1988;Bhaskaran and Smith, 1992;El Hadrami et al, 1995;Masmoudi et al, 1999;Al-Khayri, 2001;Fki et al, 2003;Al-Khateeb, 2008a;Othmani et al, 2009a,b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple bud cultures of ‘Barhee’ date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) and physiological status of regenerated plants

Fki

Bouaziz

Kriaâ

et al. 2011

Journal of Plant Physiology

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“…To maintain the genetic identity of the cultivars, seed-derived tree offshoots have to be separated and established for each individual tree (Saaidi 1979). The traditional vegetative propagation, with a very limited number of offshoots (about 10-15 per tree), is less efficient as compared to in vitro micropropagation procedures (Bouguedoura et al 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Date Palm Cell and Protoplast Culture

Assani

Chabane

Shittu

et al. 2011

Date Palm Biotechnology

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This chapter describes the current status of cell and protoplast cultures in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.). Critically important steps toward plant regeneration from recalcitrant date palm protoplasts have been achieved in the recent past. Callus regeneration was achieved in commercial cvs. Deglet Noor, Takerboucht, Barhee and Zaghloul. The use of feeder layer was the main factor for inducing cell divisions as well as subsequent microcallus and callus formation. Presently, a protoplast-to-plant system has been reported for more than 400 species, of which the family Solanaceae is predominantly represented. In crops like potato, tobacco, brassica, citrus and eggplant seed companies are using protoplast fusion based technology to produce new commercial varieties. In the last decade however, little progress has been made regarding protoplast regeneration from the so-called recalcitrant species which includes date palm. There are certain similarities between some protoplast systems and mammalian stem cells. More collaboration between animal and plant scientists is highly encouraged, which would be useful for both parties to help address these challenges.

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Comportement in vitro de bourgeons axillaires de type indéterminé du palmier dattier (Phoenix dactylifera)

Cited by 19 publications

References 10 publications

Electrophoretic patterns of acid soluble proteins and active isoforms of peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase typifying calli and somatic embryos of two reputed date palm cultivars in Morocco

Electrophoretic patterns of acid soluble proteins and active isoforms of peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase typifying calli and somatic embryos of two reputed date palm cultivars in Morocco

Multiple bud cultures of ‘Barhee’ date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) and physiological status of regenerated plants

Date Palm Cell and Protoplast Culture

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