Comportamiento sexual bajo la influencia del alcohol en adolescentes españoles

Abstract

Resumen AbstractThis paper aims to compare sexual behaviour and risk and protective factors between samples of adolescents who have sex under the influence of alcohol and those who do not, and to determine predictors factors for having had sex under the influence of alcohol. We analysed differences between these two groups in sexual practices, attitudes towards HIV, subjective norms and HIV knowledge. Drawing on survey data collected from 1216 Spanish adolescents aged 14-18 (M = 15.92; SD = .76), a subset of 297 sexually experienced participants was selected. Of these, 117 reported having had sex under the influence of alcohol in the past six months (51% girls). Adolescents who combined sex and alcohol engaged more in vaginal sex, oral sex and anal sex than those who did not. Having had sex under the influence of alcohol in the past six months was associated with negative attitudes towards condom use, when there are obstacles on using them, and less consistent condom use. There were no differences in knowledge about STIs/HIV between both groups.Adolescents who combined sex and alcohol showed further characteristics associated with sexual risk. Preventive measures must address the particular characteristics of this risk group. Further evidence is need about alcohol effects on sexual behaviour.Key Words: Alcohol use, sexual behaviour, HIV, consistent condom use, adolescence.Este trabajo tiene como objetivo comparar el comportamiento sexual y los factores protectores y de riesgo entre adolescentes que mantienen relaciones sexuales bajo la influencia del alcohol y los que no lo hacen, y determinar los factores predictores de la combinación sexo y drogas. Se analizaron las diferencias entre estos dos grupos en comportamiento sexual, actitud hacia el VIH, norma subjetiva y conocimientos sobre el VIH. Mediante medidas de autoinforme fueron evaluados 1216 adolescentes españoles entre 14 y 18 años (M = 15.92, DT = .76), fueron seleccionados 297 por ser sexualmente activos. De estos, 117 informaron haber mantenido relaciones sexuales bajo la influencia del alcohol en los últimos seis meses (51% fueron chicas). Los adolescentes que combinaron sexo y alcohol se implicaron en mayor medida en sexo vaginal, sexo oral y sexo anal respecto a los que no lo hicieron. Haber mantenido relaciones sexuales bajo la influencia del alcohol en los últimos seis meses se relacionó con una actitud negativa hacia el uso del condón cuando existen obstáculos para su uso y menor uso consistente del preservativo. No hubo diferencias en el conocimiento sobre el VIH entre ambos grupos. Los adolescentes que combinaron sexo y alcohol presentaron en mayor medida características asociadas con el riesgo sexual. Las medidas preventivas deben atender a las características particulares de este grupo de riesgo. Se requiere mayor evidencia de los efectos del alcohol sobre el comportamiento sexual.Palabras clave: Consumo de alcohol, conducta sexual, VIH, uso consistente preservativo, adolescencia.

Gender differences in the prevalence of DSM-IV alcohol use disorders in adolescents

“…This situation gives considerable cause for concern, given the evidence that early abusive alcohol use can give rise to a wide range of social, physical and mental health problems (Chartier, Hesselbrock, & Hesselbrock, 2011;Espada, Morales, Orgilés, Piqueras, & Carballo, 2013;Fernández Artamendi, Secades Villa, Fernández Hermida, García Fernández, & García Rodríguez, 2013;Inglés et al, 2013;Sanhueza, Garcia-Moreno, & Exposito, 2011;Zeigler et al, 2005).…”

Comportamientos sexuales de riesgo en pacientes brasileños dependientes de drogas no inyectables

“…Crack also has deleterious effects on perceived sexual desire and erectile function, though sexual behavior in crack users seems to be more frequently linked to "sex for crack" exchanges than sexual desire per se (Nappo et al, 2011). Previous research has also linked alcohol dependence with an increased number of sexual partners, inconsistent condom use, and an increased incidence of STIs (Berbesí-Fernández, Montoya-Vélez, & Segura-Cardona, 2013;Espada, Morales, Orgilés, Piqueras, & Carballo, 2013). The effects of alcohol on the appraisal of sexual potential differed by partner risk condition.…”

La frecuencia de las actividades sexuales como variable mediadora de la satisfacción sexual en mujeres jóvenes. (Frequency of sexual activities as a mediator of sexual satisfaction among young women.)

“…All of these investigations are important, especially considering, for example, that Spain currently has one of the highest HIV prevalence rates in the EU (Espada, Morales, Orgilés, Piqueras & Carballo, 2013) and that the rate of voluntary interruptions of pregnancy among women up to 24 years is 26.5 per 1,000 women (Ministerio de Salud, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad, data for 2014). Although such data is alarming, the effectiveness of the many preventive and therapeutic interventions that have been developed to date should be appreciated.…”