Complications Following Ventilation of the Middle Ear Using Goode T Tubes

Immediate repair of the tympanic membrane to prevent persistent perforation after intentional removal of long-lasting tubes

“…Hence, longer VT insertion is preferred when longer ventilation times are anticipated. However, complication rate increase as the tube remains in its place [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]19]. Among the tube-related complications, PP seems the most important one, because it is common and an additional surgery is necessary to treat this condition.…”

Care of the Child with Tympanostomy Tubes: A Guide for the Primary Care Physician

“…Persistent perforation after tube extrusion (9)(10)(11)37,38,41,42) Scarring of the tympanic membrane (1,37,38) Atrophic monomeric TM (1,37,38) Granuloma (37,38) Tympanosclerosis (1,37) Cholesteatoma (1,37,38) Migration of tympanostomy tube into middle ear canal (37) Complications of TT may be divided into two groups. The first group includes early complications, which occur while the tube is in place and patent and appear to be directly related to the tube.…”

“…This is less common than tympanosclerosis, with the rate of perforation ranging from 0.5 to 25 percent depending on the type of tube and the number of tubes inserted into the same tympanic membrane over time. Long term tubes have the highest rate of tympanic membrane perforation and short term tubes have a lower frequency (41,42). No preoperative factor completely predicts the development of perforation (43).…”

Gelfoam plug tympanoplasty concomitant with removal of retained ventilation tubes

“…The incidence of persisting perforations varies from 0 to 47% [4][5][6]. The main risk factors of this complication are: retained tubes, the use of T-tubes, repeated insertions and recurrent postoperative otorrhea [5][6][7].…”

“…Some authors have suggested immediate closure of the perforation in cases of retained tubes, concomitant with removal of the tube to facilitate healing and prevent chronic perforation [4,8,10]. …”