BACKGROUND
American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) women have lower breast cancer
(BCA) screening and 5-year survival rates than non-Hispanic Whites.
Understanding reasons for low screening rates is important to combat later
stage diagnoses. The purpose of this study was to assess mammography
experiences and satisfaction among AI/AN women.
METHODS
Nine focus groups were held with rural (N=15) and urban (N=38) AI/AN
women 40 years and older in Kansas and Kansas City, Missouri, living both
near and far from Indian Health Service (IHS) and tribal facilities, to
examine experiences and satisfaction with mammography. Transcripts were
coded and themes identified using a community-based participatory research
approach.
FINDINGS
Themes were classified under knowledge, communication, and awareness
of breast cancer, barriers to mammography, mammogram facility size,
impressions of mammogram technologist, motivations to getting a mammogram,
and how to improve the mammogram experience. Participants had knowledge of
prevention, but described cultural reasons for not discussing it and
described better experiences in smaller facilities. Participants indicated
having a mammogram technologist who was friendly, knowledgeable, respectful,
competent, and explained the test was a determining factor in satisfaction.
Other factors included family history, physician recommendation, and
financial incentives. Barriers included transportation, cost, perceptions of
prejudice, and time constraints. Participants on reservations or near IHS
facilities preferred IHS over mainstream providers. Suggestions for
improvement included caring technologists, better machines with less
discomfort, and education.
CONCLUSIONS
Interventions to enhance the professionalism, empathy, and cultural
awareness of mammogram technologists, reduce barriers, and provide positive
expectations and incentives could improve satisfaction and compliance with
screening mammography.