“…With these recent advances, broader animal use, and implementation of the technique in a growing number of laboratories it seemed appropriate to provide a thorough description of assembly, implantation procedures, maintenance and use of the cryoloop. The cryoloop method can be applied to assess cortical operations using, with equal success, behavioral or electrophysiological assays of neural operations (Horel, 1984(Horel, , 1992(Horel, , 1996Horel et al 1984Horel et al , 1987Payne et al, 1991Payne et al, , 1996aLomber et al, 1994Lomber et al, , 1996aLomber and Payne, 1996;Girard et al 1997;Hupé et al, 1998).…”