Complex structure of the carbon arc discharge for synthesis of nanotubes

Vekselman, V.; Feurer, Matthew; Huang, Ting; Stratton, B. C.; Raitses, Yevgeny

doi:10.1088/1361-6595/aa7158

Cited by 41 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…This picture is in accordance with the experimental observations of the deposit growth at the cathode and with the measurements of the ablation and deposition rates performed in Ref. [30,46]. However, some flow lines initiated from the anode front surface, closer to its side walls, deviate aside from the cathode, leave the inter-electrode gap and merge with relatively slow upwardly directed convective flow of helium along the side walls of the electrodes (Fig.…”

Section: Modeling Results and Their Comparison With Experimentssupporting

confidence: 92%

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Synthesis of nanoparticles in carbon arc: measurements and modeling

et al. 2018

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This work studies the region of nanoparticle growth in atmospheric pressure carbon arc.Detection of the nanoparticles is realized via the planar laser induced incandescence (PLII) approach.Measurements revealed large clouds of nanoparticles in the arc periphery, bordering the region with high density of diatomic carbon molecules. Two-dimensional computational fluid dynamic simulations of the arc combined with thermodynamic modeling explain these results due to interplay of the condensation of carbon molecular species and the convection flow pattern. The results have shown that the nanoparticles are formed in the colder, outside regions of the arc and described the parameters necessary for coagulation.

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Section: Modeling Results and Their Comparison With Experimentssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…This "C 2 bubble" has been described in details earlier [30,31], showing a larger carbon dimer density on the edges and a corresponding deficiency in the plasma channel. In Figure 3…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 59%

Synthesis of nanoparticles in carbon arc: measurements and modeling

et al. 2018

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“…Compared with conventional LIF, the planar LIF geometry makes possible instantaneous measurements of fluorescence over a large area with high spatial and temporal resolution. This is valuable for measurements in the arc discharge for nanomaterial synthesis, which is characterized by fast shape variation and unpredictable motion [26,27]. However, this implies a strong requirement for single shot measurements by planar LIF.…”

Section: Saturation Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative imaging of carbon dimer precursor for nanomaterial synthesis in the carbon arc

Vekselman

Khrabry

Kaganovich

et al. 2018

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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Delineating the dominant processes responsible for nanomaterial synthesis in a plasma environment requires measurements of the precursor species contributing to the growth of nanostructures. We performed comprehensive measurements of spatial and temporal profiles of carbon dimers (C2) in atmospheric-pressure carbon arc by laser-induced fluorescence. Measured spatial profiles of C2 coincide with the growth region of carbon nanotubes [1] and vary depending on the arc operation mode, which is determined by the discharge current and the ablation rate of the graphite anode. The C2 density profile exhibits large spatial and time variations due to motion of the arc core. A comparison of the experimental data with the simulation results of self-consistent arc modeling shows a good agreement. The model predicts well the main processes determining spatial profiles of carbon dimers (C2).

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“…These diagnostics provide spatially resolved measurements. This is important because there is a strong gradient in the plasma and gas temperatures, with lower temperatures at larger distances from the arc axis [11]. As a result, the dominant species present change with spatial location.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ diagnostics for nanomaterial synthesis in carbon arc plasma

Stratton

Gerakis

Kaganovich

et al. 2018

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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Developments in the recent application of in situ diagnostics to improve understanding of nanomaterial synthesis processes in carbon arc plasma are summarized. These diagnostics measure the plasma conditions in the arc core and the precursor species to nanoparticle formation and the presence and sizes of nanoparticles in the synthesis region surrounding the hot arc core. They provide information that could not be obtained by the ex situ diagnostics used in previous studies of nanomaterial synthesis in arc plasma. The following diagnostics are covered: Optical Emission Spectroscopy, Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence, Laser Induced Incandescence, Fast Frame Imaging, Coherent Rayleigh Brillouin Scattering, and the Nanomaterial Extractor Probe. The diagnostic measurements are consistent with a recently developed two-dimensional fluid model of nanomaterial synthesis in the arc plasma.

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Complex structure of the carbon arc discharge for synthesis of nanotubes

Cited by 41 publications

References 43 publications

Synthesis of nanoparticles in carbon arc: measurements and modeling

Synthesis of nanoparticles in carbon arc: measurements and modeling

Quantitative imaging of carbon dimer precursor for nanomaterial synthesis in the carbon arc

In situ diagnostics for nanomaterial synthesis in carbon arc plasma

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