Complete nucleotide sequence and molecular characterization of the temperate staphylococcal bacteriophage φPVL carrying Panton–Valentine leukocidin genes

Analysis of prophages harbored by the human-adapted subpopulation of Staphylococcus aureus CC398

“…StauST398-5pro shares 75% identity with /MR11 (Rashel et al, 2007) and with /ETA (Yamaguchi et al, 2000) over more than half of its length. The remaining 15 Kb of the genome showed a highly mosaic structure with small segments (generally <3 Kb) sharing some similarity with /PVL, / ETA, /13 or /ROSA (Yamaguchi et al, 2000;Kaneko et al, 1998;Iandolo et al, 2002). PCR tests with specific primers detected StauST398-5pro only in isolates of subgroup E (Suppl.…”

Bacterial Two-component and Hetero-heptameric Pore-forming Cytolytic Toxins: Structures, Pore-forming Mechanism, and Organization of the Genes

“…The PVL genes are found on the genomes of prophages, which we isolated. [25][26][27] (3) lukM/lukF-PV(P83): 71,72) The lukM and lukF-PV(P83) were identified in the strain P83 chromosome which was originally isolated from an infected bovine udder. The lukM and lukF-PV(P83) form pvl-like operon and are on the genome of prophage PV83-pro.…”

“…Recently, we discovered the presence of pvl on the genome of lysogenic bacteriophages, PVL. 25,26) We also demonstrated the phage conversion of S. aureus leading to the production of PVL by the discovery of a PVL-carrying temperate phage, SLT, from a clinical isolate of S. aureus. 27) In the third chapter of this article, we discuss genetic analyses of the Hlg, Luk, and PVL genes.…”

Staphylococcus aureus toxins – Their functions and genetics

“…Finally, it must be borne in mind that besides antibodies, T lymphocytes are also 1 necessary for clinical protection against S. aureus. Hence, any anti-toxin vaccine 2 approach should be complemented with a strategy to elicit a powerful S. aureus-specific 3 T cell response (Janzon, Lofdahl et al 1989) hlg gene cluster (Kaneko and Kamio 2004) psmα, psmβ (Wang, Braughton et al 2007) selx (Wilson, Seo et al 2011) Genomic Islands νSaβ enterotoxin gene cluster (egc): seg, sei, selm, seln, selo, (selu, selu2, selv) (Baba, Takeuchi et al 2002;Letertre, Perelle et al 2003;Thomas, Jarraud et al 2006) lukDE (Baba, Takeuchi et al 2002;Barrio, Rainard et al 2006;Lindsay and Holden 2006) νSaγ etd (Yamaguchi, Nishifuji et al 2002;Highlander, Hulten et al 2007) (Baba, Takeuchi et al 2002;Lindsay and Holden 2006) Bacteriophages ɸSa1 lukFM (φPV83) (Choorit, Kaneko et al 1995;Zou, Kaneko et al 2000;Kaneko and Kamio 2004;McCarthy, Witney et al 2012) eta (φETA) (Yamaguchi, Hayashi et al 2000;Kuroda, Ohta et al 2001;McCarthy, Witney et al 2012) ɸSa2 lukFS-PV (Kaneko, Kimura et al 1998;Narita, Kaneko et al 2001;Baba, Takeuchi et al …”