Complete nucleotide sequence and genomic organization of a primate calicivirus, Pan-1

Rinehart-Kim, Janet; Zhong, Weiming; Jiang, Xi; Smith, Alvin W.; Matson, David O.

doi:10.1007/s007050050497

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The complementary evidence for viremia included positive results from separate laboratories testing separate sample sets, utilization of RT-PCR assays that amplified non-overlapping genomic regions, direct detection of genomic RNA by hybridization, and amplicon sequencing that revealed non-identity of sequence compared with known Vesivirus, including strains characterized in one of the laboratories previously [Rinehart-Kim et al, 1999] and among the set of characterized amplicons themselves. These results together indicate that the positive laboratory results were not because of contamination in sample collection and handling.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vesivirus viremia and seroprevalence in humans

Smith

Iversen²,

Skilling

et al. 2006

J. Med. Virol.

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Pathogenic caliciviruses of the genus Vesivirus circulate in oceanic ecosystems and spread to and among terrestrial mammals. Isolation of Vesivirus from natural and laboratory infections in humans led to this investigation of Vesivirus seroprevalence and viremia. Sera from four groups were tested for antibodies to Vesivirus as follows: blood donors whose units were cleared for donation, blood donors whose units were not accepted for donation solely because of elevated blood liver alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentrations, patients with clinical hepatitis of unknown but suspected infectious cause, and patients with clinical hepatitis of unknown cause but associated with blood transfusion or dialysis. Additionally, sera were tested for Vesivirus genome by three methods: dot-blot and two reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) methods. The calculated seroprevalence against Vesivirus virions within these groups (N = 765) was 12%, 21%, 29%, and 47%, respectively (P < 0.001 for group differences). Additionally, 11 (9.8%) of 112 sera tested yielded RT-PCR amplicons that by nucleotide sequence were distinct from each other and related to known Vesivirus. These data indicate that some blood donors in the population tested have serologic evidence of previous Vesivirus infection and some also have Vesivirus viremia. These results justify further investigation of an association between Vesivirus infection and illness in humans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vesivirus viremia and seroprevalence in humans

Smith

Iversen²,

Skilling

et al. 2006

J. Med. Virol.

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“…8) (17, 43). The amino acid similarity of these proteins ranges from 25 to 31% and represents one of the most divergent regions of polyprotein sequence within and between Caliciviridae genera (6,9,28,29). It was suggested that the RHDV 23-kDa protein might have functional similarity with the 2B protein of picornaviruses that alone or as a part of its precursor, 2BC, is involved in membrane modifications in virus-infected cells that include rearrangements and vesicle formation (4,40), change in membrane permeability (1,13), and disassembly of the Golgi complex (32).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing Map and Essential Cleavage Sites of the Nonstructural Polyprotein Encoded by ORF1 of the Feline Calicivirus Genome

Sosnovtsev

Garfield

Green³

2002

J Virol

107

121

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“…Pan-1 originally was isolated from a pygmy chimpanzee (37). The three-dimensional structure of the Pan-1 virion and the sequence of the Pan-1 genome are known (28,31). Pan-1 grows to a high titer and causes cytopathic effects in monkey cell lines.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration and Detection of Caliciviruses in Water Samples by Reverse Transcription-PCR

Huang

Laborde

Land³

et al. 2000

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Human caliciviruses (HuCVs) cause waterborne outbreaks of gastroenteritis. Standard indicators of a safe water supply do not adequately predict contamination of water by viruses, including HuCVs. We developed a method to concentrate and detect HuCVs in water samples by using a cultivable primate calicivirus (Pan-1) as a model. Viable Pan-1 was seeded in different types of water and then filtered with a 1MDS filter, eluted with beef extract (BE), and reconcentrated by polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation. The viruses in the final samples were tested by plaque assay or by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR following extraction of the RNA with Trizol. Pan-1 was more sensitive to high-pH treatment than poliovirus was; a pH 9.0 BE solution was found to recover 35% more viable Pan-1 than a pH 9.5 BE solution recovered. Pan-1 was recovered from small volumes of deionized, finished, ground, and surface waters at efficiencies of 94, 73, 67, and 64%, respectively, when samples were assayed after elution without further concentration. When larger volumes of water (up to 40 liters) were tested after elution and concentration with PEG, 38, 19, and 14% of the seeded Pan-1 were recovered from finished, ground, and surface waters, respectively. The limit of detection of Pan-1 by RT-PCR was estimated to be 0.75 to 1.5 PFU in 40 liters of finished water. This method may be adapted for monitoring HuCVs in drinking water and other types of water for public health safety.Diarrhea remains an important disease in both developed and developing countries. Among the different gastroenteritis viruses, Norwalk virus and Norwalk-related viruses, now classified as caliciviruses (CVs), play a major role in nonbacterial outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis (23). Large outbreaks of waterborne acute gastroenteritis caused by human CVs (HuCVs) have been documented; in these outbreaks fecal contamination of drinking water or indirect contamination of water or water products occurred (15,16,18,20,25,26). Unlike many bacterial pathogens, which have been controlled largely by modern water and wastewater treatment practices, the incidence of water-related viral diseases, including gastroenteritis and hepatitis, has remained virtually unchanged over the past several decades (23). Use of bacterial pathogens as indicators of clean and unpolluted water does not predict the safety of water with respect to viral pathogens (8,17,21,24,27). Therefore, development of sensitive methods to monitor enteric viruses in water is necessary.Monitoring water quality by direct detection of human enteric viruses has been difficult because only a few infectious units are required for most human enteric viruses to cause infection. Detection of such low concentrations of viruses in environmental samples usually requires concentration of virus from large volumes of water. Even with viruses highly concentrated from water samples, the methods routinely used to detect enteric viruses in clinical specimens, such as enzyme immune assays and cell culture, still are not sensitive enou...

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Complete nucleotide sequence and genomic organization of a primate calicivirus, Pan-1

Cited by 25 publications

References 30 publications

Vesivirus viremia and seroprevalence in humans

Vesivirus viremia and seroprevalence in humans

Processing Map and Essential Cleavage Sites of the Nonstructural Polyprotein Encoded by ORF1 of the Feline Calicivirus Genome

Concentration and Detection of Caliciviruses in Water Samples by Reverse Transcription-PCR

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