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Scarlett, Liam H.; Fursa, Dmitry V.; Zammit, Mark C.; Bray, Igor; Ralchenko, Yuri; D., Davie, Kayla

doi:10.1016/j.adt.2020.101361

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…But they could be potentially applied to linear devices, where they could be supplemented with spectroscopic techniques [73]. More complete sets of the fundamental data for the isotopologues are starting to become available [74], which can be used by collisional-radiative models [30,31] to provide data for deuterium and tritium. Verifying these new (vibrationally-resolved) results [74,75] in dedicated experiments for H, D and T , as well as using them in vibrationally resolved plasma-edge simulations, is crucial for determining what impact plasma-molecule interactions have on plasma-edge physics in fusion reactors.…”

Section: Energy and Power Losses Associated With Mar And Madmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of plasma-molecule interactions on power and particle balance during detachment on the TCV tokamak

et al. 2021

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This paper shows experimental results from the TCV tokamak that indicate plasma-molecule interactions involving D + 2 and possibly D − play an important role as sinks of energy (through hydrogenic radiation as well as dissociation) and particles during divertor detachment if low target temperatures (< 3 eV) are achieved. Both molecular activated recombination (MAR) and ion source reduction due to a power limitation effect are shown to be important in reducing the ion target flux during a density ramp. In contrast, the electron-ion recombination (EIR) ion sink is too small to play an important role in reducing the ion target flux. MAR or EIR do not occur during N 2 seeding induced detachment as the target temperatures are not sufficiently low.The impact of D + 2 is shown to be underestimated in present (vibrationally unresolved) SOLPS-ITER simulations, which could result from an underestimated D 2 + D + → D + 2 + D rate. The converged SOLPS-ITER simulations are post-processed with alternative reaction rates, resulting in considerable contributions of D + 2 to particle and power losses as well as dissociation below the D 2 dissociation area. Those findings are in quantitative agreement with the experimental results.

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Section: Energy and Power Losses Associated With Mar And Madmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of plasma-molecule interactions on power and particle balance during detachment on the TCV tokamak

et al. 2021

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“…These diagnostics could be used for providing verification on the collisional-radiative model results used. More complete sets of the fundamental data for the isotopologues is also starting to become available [69], which can be used by collisional-radiative models [28,29] to provide data for deuterium and tritium. Verifying these new (vibrationally-resolved) results [69] in dedicated experiments for H, D and T , as well as using them in vibrationally resolved plasma-edge simulations, is crucial for determining what impact plasma-molecule interactions have on plasma-edge physics in fusion reactors.…”

Section: Ion Flow Into Outer Divertor Legmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of the influence of plasma–molecule interactions on particle balance during detachment

Verhaegh

Lipschultz

Harrison

et al. 2021

Nuclear Materials and Energy

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This paper shows experimental results from the TCV tokamak that indicate plasma-molecule interactions involving D + 2 and possibly D − play an important role as sinks of energy (through hydrogenic radiation as well as dissociation) and particles during divertor detachment if low target temperatures (< 3 eV) are achieved. Both molecular activated recombination (MAR) and ion source reduction due to a power limitation effect are shown to be important in reducing the ion target flux during a core density ramp. In contrast, the electron-ion recombination (EIR) ion sink is too small to play an important role in reducing the ion target flux. MAR or EIR do not occur during N 2 seeding induced detachment as the target temperatures are not sufficiently low.The impact of D + 2 is shown to be underestimated in present (vibrationally unresolved) SOLPS-ITER simulations, which could result from an underestimatedThe converged SOLPS-ITER simulations are post-processed with alternative reaction rates, resulting in considerable contributions of D + 2 to particle and power losses as well as dissociation below the D 2 dissociation area. Those findings are in quantitative agreement with the experimental results.

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“…1 we compare available experimental data and earlier theoretical calculations of the main excitation cross sections with the most recent computations adopted in this work (shown by thick solid lines). For the electronic excitation cross sections we use the most recent and accurate results produced using the MCCC method (Scarlett et al 2021a). These cross sections have already been employing in plasma modelling (Wünderlich et al 2021), leading to much better agreement with measurements compared to the previously used datasets of Miles et al (1972) and Janev et al (2003).…”

Section: Cross Sectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These cross sections have already been employing in plasma modelling (Wünderlich et al 2021), leading to much better agreement with measurements compared to the previously used datasets of Miles et al (1972) and Janev et al (2003). The MCCC results are summarised by Scarlett et al (2021a) and are accessible through a web database 2 .…”

Section: Cross Sectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rotational transition J = 0 → 2 is shown as a solid thick green line for the present MCCC calculations and as circles for the calculations by England et al (1988) 2017) ('H17'). The X 1 Σ + g → a 3 Σ + g triplet transition is shown as a solid thick orange line for MCCC (Scarlett et al 2021a), as circles for Khakoo & Trajmar (1986) factor of 3 larger between 0.05 and 0.1 eV due to the different assumption on temperature and ortho-to-para ratio, and is up to 20 times larger in the range 7−12 eV, mainly due to the updated X 1 Σ + g → b 3 Σ + u excitation cross section. For our purposes, the latter difference is especially important for the derivation of the spectrum of secondaries below the H 2 ionisation threshold.…”

Section: Electron Energy Loss Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cosmic rays in molecular clouds probed by H₂ rovibrational lines

Padovani

Bialy

Galli

et al. 2022

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Context. Low-energy cosmic rays (<1 TeV) play a fundamental role in the chemical and dynamical evolution of molecular clouds, as they control the ionisation, dissociation, and excitation of H2. Their characterisation is therefore important both for the interpretation of observations and for the development of theoretical models. However, the methods used so far for estimating the cosmic-ray ionisation rate in molecular clouds have several limitations due to uncertainties in the adopted chemical networks. Aims. We refine and extend a previously proposed method to estimate the cosmic-ray ionisation rate in molecular clouds by observing rovibrational transitions of H2 at near-infrared wavelengths, which are mainly excited by secondary cosmic-ray electrons. Methods. Combining models of interstellar cosmic-ray propagation and attenuation in molecular clouds with the rigorous calculation of the expected secondary electron spectrum and updated electron-H2 excitation cross sections, we derive the intensity of the four H2 rovibrational transitions observable in cold dense gas: (1−0)O(2), (1−0)Q(2), (1−0)S(0), and (1−0)O(4). Results. The proposed method allows the estimation of the cosmic-ray ionisation rate for a given observed line intensity and H2 column density. We are also able to deduce the shape of the low-energy cosmic-ray proton spectrum impinging upon the molecular cloud. In addition, we present a look-up plot and a web-based application that can be used to constrain the low-energy spectral slope of the interstellar cosmic-ray proton spectrum. We finally comment on the capability of the James Webb Space Telescope to detect these near-infrared H2 lines, which will make it possible to derive, for the first time, spatial variation in the cosmic-ray ionisation rate in dense gas. Besides the implications for the interpretation of the chemical-dynamic evolution of a molecular cloud, it will finally be possible to test competing models of cosmic-ray propagation and attenuation in the interstellar medium, as well as compare cosmic-ray spectra in different Galactic regions.

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Complete collision data set for electrons scattering on molecular hydrogen and its isotopologues: I. Fully vibrationally-resolved electronic excitation of H2(X1

Cited by 29 publications

References 38 publications

The role of plasma-molecule interactions on power and particle balance during detachment on the TCV tokamak

The role of plasma-molecule interactions on power and particle balance during detachment on the TCV tokamak

A study of the influence of plasma–molecule interactions on particle balance during detachment

Cosmic rays in molecular clouds probed by H₂ rovibrational lines

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Complete collision data set for electrons scattering on molecular hydrogen and its isotopologues: I. Fully vibrationally-resolved electronic excitation of H2(X1

Cited by 29 publications

References 38 publications

The role of plasma-molecule interactions on power and particle balance during detachment on the TCV tokamak

The role of plasma-molecule interactions on power and particle balance during detachment on the TCV tokamak

A study of the influence of plasma–molecule interactions on particle balance during detachment

Cosmic rays in molecular clouds probed by H2 rovibrational lines

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Cosmic rays in molecular clouds probed by H₂ rovibrational lines