Complementary value of electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer: A potential role for electron microscopy in the era of targeted therapy

Albero-González, Raquel; Munné-Collado, Jessica; Pijuán, Lara; Simón, Mercedes; Gimeno-Beltrán, Javier; Mojal, Sergi; Salido, Marta; Clavé, Sergi; Juanpere, Núria; Dalmases, Alba; Comerma, Laura; Vázquez, Ivonne; Sánchez-Font, Albert; Taus, Álvaro; Hernández, Sílvia; Lloveras, Belén; Trull, Josep Lloreta

doi:10.1080/01913123.2019.1692118

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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Section: Technologies Used In the Detection Of Tumor Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…139 In conclusion, EM is a valuable complementary tool for tumor diagnosis, especially providing valuable information on tumor differentiation which is difficult to define by light microscopies. 134,140 CRISPR/Cas9 technology The CRISPR/Cas9 technology is a gene-editing tool that is based on the bacterial immune system. The basic principle of CRISPR/ Cas9 is to use a guide RNA molecule to direct a nuclease, Cas9, to a specific target gene.…”

Section: Electron Microscopy Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tumor biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and targeted therapy

Zhou,

Tao,

Qiu

et al. 2024

Sig Transduct Target Ther

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Tumor biomarkers, the substances which are produced by tumors or the body’s responses to tumors during tumorigenesis and progression, have been demonstrated to possess critical and encouraging value in screening and early diagnosis, prognosis prediction, recurrence detection, and therapeutic efficacy monitoring of cancers. Over the past decades, continuous progress has been made in exploring and discovering novel, sensitive, specific, and accurate tumor biomarkers, which has significantly promoted personalized medicine and improved the outcomes of cancer patients, especially advances in molecular biology technologies developed for the detection of tumor biomarkers. Herein, we summarize the discovery and development of tumor biomarkers, including the history of tumor biomarkers, the conventional and innovative technologies used for biomarker discovery and detection, the classification of tumor biomarkers based on tissue origins, and the application of tumor biomarkers in clinical cancer management. In particular, we highlight the recent advancements in biomarker-based anticancer-targeted therapies which are emerging as breakthroughs and promising cancer therapeutic strategies. We also discuss limitations and challenges that need to be addressed and provide insights and perspectives to turn challenges into opportunities in this field. Collectively, the discovery and application of multiple tumor biomarkers emphasized in this review may provide guidance on improved precision medicine, broaden horizons in future research directions, and expedite the clinical classification of cancer patients according to their molecular biomarkers rather than organs of origin.

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Section: Technologies Used In the Detection Of Tumor Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electron Microscopy Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Tumor biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and targeted therapy

Zhou,

Tao,

Qiu

et al. 2024

Sig Transduct Target Ther

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Electron Microscopic and Pathological Changes in Lung Cancer after Intratumoral Injection of Sodium Bicarbonate

Abdel-Rahman

Arram

Elhadidy

et al. 2022

CCTR

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Background: Lung cancer can be treated with surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy and palliative care. Palliative therapy is applied for inoperable lung cancer as it induces tumour necrosis. PH of tumour tissue is acidic; application of sodium bicarbonate (SB) into lung cancer locally via bronchoscopy can change its core pH, which may lead to tumour destruction. We aimed to study the ultrastructural characteristics of lung cancer and to assess the destructive effects of sodium bicarbonate 8.4% local injection on tumour tissue integrity by light and electron microscopies. Methods: This study was conducted on 21 patients with central bronchial carcinoma diagnosed according to WHO classification 2015. Three bronchoscopic biopsies were taken; two biopsies before and one after injection of sodium bicarbonate 8.4% solution of 20 ml via transbronchial needle. All biopsies were examined by both light and electron microscopes. The first biopsy was examined to diagnose the tumour morphologically with and without immunostaining. Second and third biopsies were taken before and after SB 8.4% injection to compare pathological changes in tumour tissue integrity as well as cellular ultra-structures. Different lung cancer pathological types were included in the study. Results: Tumour tissue integrity and pathological changes were examined in biopsies before and after injection of sodium bicarbonate 8.4%. Extensive necrosis in all cell types of lung cancer was seen after injection of SB; this important finding was delineated by both light and electron microscopies. Conclusion: Preliminary ultrastructural study of small biopsy of lung tumor has a complementary role to both morphological and immunohistochemical studies. Local injection of sodium bicarbonate into lung cancer induces extensive necrosis that may reflect its important therapeutic role in lung cancer.

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Methods of Protein Detection in Cancer for Diagnosis, Prognosis and Therapy

Kannan¹,

Rajagopal²,

Sundaramahalingam³

et al. 2022

Biochemistry

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Emerging proteomic technologies offer new insight in the study of malignant tumor to identify protein biomarkers for early detection, stratification, prediction and monitoring of treatment, as well as to detect target molecules for therapy. The tumor protein biomarker is responsible for the regulation of the cell cycle to promote cell proliferation and resistance to cell death. Important technologies include ELISA, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, western blot, mass spectrometry, protein microarray, and microfluidics for the study of screening, protein profiling, identification, qualitative and quantitative analysis of differential expressed oncoproteins relative to cancer tissues, counterparts at different stages of the disease from preneoplasia to neoplasia. It can also provide a detailed description of identifying tissue-specific protein biomarkers and to analysis the modification of protein activity in cancer conditions. In this chapter, we discuss current and emerging protein assays for improving cancer diagnosis, including trends toward advances in assay miniaturization, improve sensitivity and specificity, time and cost-effective, and accuracy in detection and measurement of protein activity. However, information from these protein diagnostic technologies should be integrated to obtain the optimal information required for the clinical management of a patient.

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Complementary value of electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer: A potential role for electron microscopy in the era of targeted therapy

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

Tumor biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and targeted therapy

Tumor biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and targeted therapy

Electron Microscopic and Pathological Changes in Lung Cancer after Intratumoral Injection of Sodium Bicarbonate

Methods of Protein Detection in Cancer for Diagnosis, Prognosis and Therapy

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