Complementary chemical characterization of distillates obtained from industrial hemp hurds by thermal processing

Salami, Ayobami; Raninen, Kaisa; Heikkinen, Jorma; Tomppo, Laura; Vilppo, Teemu; Selenius, Mikko; Raatikainen, Olavi; Lappalainen, Reijo; Vepsäläinen, Jouko

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112760

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The higher amount of pyrolysis liquids released after drying stage for wet materials suggests that moisture was still left in the sample after drying stage. The findings of this study are in accordance with the observations of [ 24 ], revealing that wet biomass such as green hemp provides higher pyrolysis liquids yield when compared to biochar while dry biomass produces higher biochar yield when compared to the liquid. The results revealed that the type of biomass used has an effect on the biochar and liquid yields and by optimization of the process it would be possible to steer the process to maximize biochar or liquid yields.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…GC-MS has played an important role in revealing the chemical composition of volatile compounds of lignocellulosic biomass bio-oils. 2D GC-MS has been successfully applied to separate some higher MW compounds present in bio-oil since this technique has a superior separation capability than conventional GC-MS due to its two columns with different polarities, which can be exploited at the same time [ 22 , 23 , 24 ]. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry (MS) is an important technique for analyzing complex mixtures due to its ultra-high mass resolution, especially targeting the least volatile heavy ends of pyrolysis liquids [ 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry (MS) is an important technique for analyzing complex mixtures due to its ultra-high mass resolution, especially targeting the least volatile heavy ends of pyrolysis liquids [ 25 , 26 ]. Of the chemical characterization techniques mentioned above, NMR has played a crucial role in elucidating the chemical composition and concentration of compounds in pyrolysis liquids from lignocellulosic biomass [ 23 , 24 ]. Several biomasses including different varieties of industrial hemp bio-oils have been investigated and analyzed with the above approaches [ 27 , 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comparative Study of Pyrolysis Liquids by Slow Pyrolysis of Industrial Hemp Leaves, Hurds and Roots

et al. 2021

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This study assessed the pyrolysis liquids obtained by slow pyrolysis of industrial hemp leaves, hurds, and roots. The liquids recovered between a pyrolysis temperature of 275–350 °C, at two condensation temperatures 130 °C and 70 °C, were analyzed. Aqueous and bio-oil pyrolysis liquids were produced and analyzed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and atmospheric pressure photoionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (APPI FT-ICR MS). NMR revealed quantitative concentrations of the most abundant compounds in the aqueous fractions and compound groups in the oily fractions. In the aqueous fractions, the concentration range of acetic acid was 50–241 gL−1, methanol 2–30 gL−1, propanoic acid 5–20 gL−1, and 1-hydroxybutan-2-one 2 gL−1. GC-MS was used to compare the compositions of the volatile compounds and APPI FT-ICR MS was utilized to determine the most abundant higher molecular weight compounds. The different obtained pyrolysis liquids (aqueous and oily) had various volatile and nonvolatile compounds such as acetic acid, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, 2-methoxyphenol, and cannabidiol. This study provides a detailed understanding of the chemical composition of pyrolysis liquids from different parts of the industrial hemp plant and assesses their possible economic potential.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comparative Study of Pyrolysis Liquids by Slow Pyrolysis of Industrial Hemp Leaves, Hurds and Roots

et al. 2021

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“…One of the most diffused byproducts of the hemp industry is the hemp hurd which, for some varieties of hemp plant, can represent up to the 70% of the raw material [1]. Hemp hurd can be considered woody biomass since it is mainly composed of lignin (17-19%), hemicellulose (21-25%) and cellulose (34-48%) [2] and it is therefore interesting for thermochemical conversion processes. One of the most common thermochemical path to convert residual biomasses is gasification [3][4][5][6][7][8], while, few references are related to the combustion of residual byproducts in domestic stoves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the hemp-hurd is difficult to pelletize [1,2], it was choosing to mix it with a 50%wt of fir sawdust. The 50/50 blend was then pulverized, pelletized and an elemental/ashes analysis was carried out.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Domestic Heating: Can Hemp-Hurd Derived Pellet Be an Alternative?

Morselli¹,

Puglia²,

Pedrazzi³

et al. 2021

IJDNE

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Among the renewable sources, residual woody biomass from agricultural crops is becoming of great interest due to its lower environmental impact and one of the most growing agricultural sector, of the last decade, is the hemp industry which generates several kind of byproducts. In this paper, a blend of 50% of hemp-hurd and 50% of fir sawdust was pulverized and pelletized. The pellets were burned into a domestic pellet stove (9 kWth maximum nominal thermal power output) at different biomass flowrates. To compare results with a commercial-grade pellet, the tests were repeated by fueling the same stove with A2-grade pellets. Results shown that the pellet mixture 50/50 of fir sawdust and hemp-hurd is suitable for the commercial pellet stove used and that the slightly higher amount of ashes (2.7%), compared to pellet A2 (<1.2%), can be handled by the self-cleaning fire chamber. Comparable results were also obtained in regards with the stove global efficiency which ranged from 90.8-92.3% for the hemp pellets and 91-94% for the A2. A significant difference was noted in the biomass flowrate where, during the tests with hemp-hurd pellets a lower value was obtained (-20%) compared to A2. This resulted into lower power input in the stove and lower performances at the same nominal power output.

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A review on sources and extraction of phenolic compounds as precursors for bio-based phenolic resins

Basafa

Hawboldt

2021

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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Complementary chemical characterization of distillates obtained from industrial hemp hurds by thermal processing

Cited by 19 publications

References 35 publications

A Comparative Study of Pyrolysis Liquids by Slow Pyrolysis of Industrial Hemp Leaves, Hurds and Roots

A Comparative Study of Pyrolysis Liquids by Slow Pyrolysis of Industrial Hemp Leaves, Hurds and Roots

Domestic Heating: Can Hemp-Hurd Derived Pellet Be an Alternative?

A review on sources and extraction of phenolic compounds as precursors for bio-based phenolic resins

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