Complementary‐based coalition formation for energy microgrids

Abstract

In recent years, the notion of electrical energy microgrids (MGs), in which communities share their locally generated power, has gained increasing interest. Typically, the energy generated comes from renewable resources, which means that its availability is variable, ie, sometimes there may be energy surpluses and at other times energy deficits. This energy variability can be ameliorated by trading energy with a connected electricity grid. However, since main electricity grids are subject to faults or other outages, it can be advantageous for energy MGs to form coalitions and share their energy among themselves. In this work, we present our model for the dynamic formation of such MG coalitions. In our model, MGs form coalitions on the basis of complementary weather patterns. Our agent‐based model, which is scalable and affords autonomy among the MGs participating in the coalition (agents can join and depart from coalitions at any time), features methods to reduce overall “discomfort” so that, even when all participating MGs in a coalition experience deficits, they can share energy so that their overall discomfort is reduced. We demonstrate the efficacy of our model by showing empirical studies conducted with real energy production and consumption data.

IntelliHome: An internet of things‐based system for electrical energy saving in smart home environment

“…For instance, in the United States, at least 30% of the energy consumed by residential and commercial consumers is wasted . These facts motivate researchers and power industry to focus on developing smart solutions that help users to monitor, control, and save energy at home, as well as to find alternative energy sources such as sun and wind …”

“…2 These facts motivate researchers and power industry to focus on developing smart solutions that help users to monitor, control, and save energy at home, as well as to find alternative energy sources such as sun and wind. 3,4 The smart home has proved to be beneficial in people's real lives. A smart home is a house or living environment that contains the technology to allow devices and systems to be controlled automatically.…”

The Impact of Demand Response Programs on Reducing the Emissions and Cost of A Neighborhood Home Microgrid

“…H-MGs, based on renewable technologies, include distributed energy resources, renewable sources, and ES system; the latter can work in two interconnected or detached modes [4][5][6]. Combining H-MGs together to create a local structure allows each H-MG to form a coalition and thereby share the power demand and supply in a co-ordinated manner [7][8][9][10]. This coalition will increase the productivity of renewable equipment along with load response, reliability and, most importantly, energy independence, all of which ultimately reduce the production of pollutants derived from generation units based on fossil fuels [11].…”

“…The examination of DR's impact on pollution resulting from generation units and full capabilities of distributed energy resources has not been performed [7][8][9][10][18][19][20][21][25][26][27]29,30,37].…”

“…No mathematical modeling of DR schemes based on DRE, DRP, and DRPE in an efficient manner, simultaneously, has been implemented [7][8][9][10][18][19][20][21][22]26].…”