The Impact of Demand Response Programs on Reducing the Emissions and Cost of A Neighborhood Home Microgrid

Abstract

The desire to increase energy efficiency and reliability of power grids, along with the need for reducing carbon emissions has led to increasing the utilization of Home Micro-grids (H-MGs). In this context, the issue of economic emission dispatch is worthy of consideration, with a view to controlling generation costs and reducing environmental pollution. This paper presents a multi-objective energy management system, with a structure based on demand response (DR) and dynamic pricing (DP). The proposed energy management system (EMS), in addition to decreasing the market clearing price (MCP) and increasing producer profits, has focused on reducing the level of generation units emissions, as well as enhancing utilization of renewable energy units through the DR programs. As a consequence of the nonlinear and discrete nature of the H-MGs, metaheuristic algorithms are applied to find the best possible solution. Moreover, due to the presence of generation units, the Taguchi orthogonal array testing (TOAT) method has been utilized to investigate the uncertainty regarding generation units. In the problem being considered, each H-MG interacts with each other and can negotiate based on their own strategies (reduction of cost or pollution). The obtained results indicate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm, a decrease in emissions and an increase in the profit achieved by each H-MG, by 37% and 10%, respectively.

Home-Microgrid Energy Management Strategy Considering EV’s Participation in DR

“…This unit is essential to cover the uncertainty in the load demand, power generated PV and MCP. The uncertainty unit in this paper is based on Taguchi orthogonal array test (TOAT) [37], this testing technique has proven its ability to provide reliable statistical information with the minimum number of tests, it has been described as a powerful yet simple tool. This feature also has a positive impact on the computing time, more information about this method implementation can be found in the authors previous publication [32].…”

Fair-Optimal Bilevel Transactive Energy Management for Community of Microgrids

“…Use of DR in peak electrical load hours will lead to lower energy costs [5] and prevent peaking power plants to generate power for satisfying demand [6]. Two of the major DR schemes are direct load control (DLC) and price-based control methods like Time of Use (TOU) programs [7]. DLC programs authorize the utility company control over registered loads during peak demand time while in TOU programs, consumers change electricity usage patterns in response to changes in the power price.…”

“…2) Modeling Dissatisfaction: Dissatisfaction cost for changing the start time of shiftable loads is presented by (7). Equation ( 8) presents the dissatisfaction cost of scheduling HVAC loads.…”

Predicting Stability of a Decentralized Power Grid Linking Electricity Price Formulation to Grid Frequency Applying an Optimized Data-Matching Learning Network to Simulated Data

“…Demand-side management controlling /influencing consumers' power consumption decision by encouraging them to respond to market conditions (available supply) through pricing signals is widely considered as potentially providing viable routes to the required flexibility via smart meters [8,9]. Demand-side response programs related to micro-grids are the focus of much recent research attention [10][11][12][13]. However, pricing routes require rapid information flow and communication systems that protect systems from cyber violations and personal data from being compromised, which comes at significant cost if a centralized mindset for control prevails [14][15][16].…”