Complementarity of information obtained by Kolmogorov and Aksentijevic–Gibson complexities in the analysis of binary time series

Aksentijevic, Aleksandar; Mihailoviĉ, Dragutin T.; Kapor, D.; Crvenković, Siniša; Nikolic-Djoric, Emilija; Mihailović, Anja

doi:10.1016/j.chaos.2019.109394

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…By contrast, Kolmogorov considered high complexity to equate randomness. As pointed out elsewhere [1,6,16], we believe this view to be correct. Randomness is a label for the state of disorder or high complexity, which cannot be analyzed or understood currently.…”

Section: Complexity As Changesupporting

confidence: 70%

“…This paper has three aims: to describe the motivation for a universal complexity measure based on psychological principles (Aksentijevic-Gibson complexity; AG) that has recently been shown to be applicable to the analysis of physical data [1] and showcase its performance on a broad palette of psychological phenomena; to introduce an implementation of the measure in R which allows for easy computation of complexities and complexity profiles of binary strings and 2D arrays; and finally, to provide a reference stimulus/data repository that would facilitate exploration of psychological complexity for experts from different disciplines. While we present many applications of AG and compare it with other measures, it is not our aim to supplant these but rather to begin a constructive dialogue and interdisciplinary exchange of ideas that would lead to the strengthening of the scientific basis of the complexity research.…”

Section: String Complexitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The measure, Aksentijevic-Gibson (AG or "change") complexity dispenses with the idea of a source/algorithm and considers only pattern structure. The measure is fully computable and applicable to any kind of information (see [1] for the application of AG in physics). It is not surprising that the cost of information processing is intimately linked with structure.…”

Section: Complexity As Changementioning

confidence: 99%

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Time for Change: Implementation of Aksentijevic-Gibson Complexity in Psychology

2020

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Given that complexity is critical for psychological processing, it is somewhat surprising that the field was dominated for a long time by probabilistic methods that focus on the quantitative aspects of the source/output. Although the more recent approaches based on the Minimum Description Length principle have produced interesting and useful models of psychological complexity, they have not directly defined the meaning and quantitative unit of complexity measurement. Contrasted to these mathematical approaches are various ad hoc measures based on different aspects of structure, which can work well but suffer from the same problem. The present manuscript is composed of two self-sufficient, yet related sections. In Section 1, we describe a complexity measure for binary strings which satisfies both these conditions (Aksentijevic–Gibson complexity; AG). We test the measure on a number of classic studies employing both short and long strings and draw attention to an important feature—a complexity profile—that could be of interest in modelling the psychological processing of structure as well as analysis of strings of any length. In Section 2 we discuss different factors affecting the complexity of visual form and showcase a 2D generalization of AG complexity. In addition, we provide algorithms in R that compute the AG complexity for binary strings and matrices and demonstrate their effectiveness on examples involving complexity judgments, symmetry perception, perceptual grouping, entropy, and elementary cellular automata. Finally, we enclose a repository of codes, data and stimuli for our example in order to facilitate experimentation and application of the measure in sciences outside psychology.

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Section: Complexity As Changesupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: String Complexitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Complexity As Changementioning

confidence: 99%

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Time for Change: Implementation of Aksentijevic-Gibson Complexity in Psychology

2020

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“…In this kind of analysis, it is advisable to make a comparison with another information measure which quantifies complexity in a time series. As a referent, we have used Kolmogorov complexity (KC) which has already been compared with AG (Aksentijevic et al 2020a, b) Mihailović et al (2018. and Bessafi et al (2018) obtained spatial distribution of KC of the solar irradiation on La Réunion and explained this primarily in terms of cloud formation and their movement over the island.…”

Section: Aksentijevic-gibson Complexitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While KC has been used for a long time, AG is a fairly new perceptually motivated measure originally designed to tackle psychologically relevant short patterns(string size less than 10). Recently, it was shown that AG can successfully quantify the complexity of long time series obtained by measurement of physical processes (Aksentijevic et al 2020a). Consequently, we employed runningKC to study complexity changes which might reveal new facts about the climatic dynamics of La Réunion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping regularities in the solar irradiance data using complementary complexity measures

Mihailoviĉ

Aksentijevic

Mihailović

2020

Stoch Environ Res Risk Assess

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Solar irradiance represents one of the principal phenomena of interest in geophysics and recent research, especially which concerned with renewable energy, suggests that the complexity of solar irradiance time series offers important insights into the dynamics of different geophysical systems. We examined the complexity of the daily cumulative global horizontal irradiance (kWh/m2; dGHI in further text) recorded by satellite for 32 stations on the island of La Réunion over a 35-month period (2004–2006) using Kolmogorov complexity (KC) and a recently introduced measure—Aksentijevic–Gibson complexity (AG) which is capable of quantifying the complexity of both long and short strings. Previous examinations of physical data suggest that AG could represent a useful addition to the geophysical analysis toolkit. Our results demonstrate for the first time that running KC is capable of capturing periodic patterns in data and that AG is sensitive to both global/long-scale spatial and temporal structure and local/short-range complexity fluctuations. Importantly, we report a putative weekly periodicity which might be related to environmental factors and human activity. In conclusion, we suggest that AG could represent a useful tool in the study of solar irradiation time series but also with other types of geophysical data.

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In plain sight: implicit priming of patterns and faces using change symmetry

Aksentijevic

Duffy

Mihailović

et al. 2020

Psychological Research

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Aksentijevic–Gibson complexity is an original complexity measure based on the amount of change in a string or 2D array that has been successfully implemented on data from psychology to physics. The key ingredient to computing the measure is a change symmetry (CS)—a novel form of structure (also known as generalised palindrome) which represents a central or mirror symmetry based on the redundant arrangement not of symbols but of changes. This results in patterns that although globally symmetrical do not appear as such when inspected locally. We used this property to (a) affect the registration of a target, (b) prime the symmetry judgment of 2D arrays and (c) faces using 1D patterns possessing change symmetry. In Experiment 2, we applied the lock and key principle to complete the prime without showing its structure at once. In Experiments 3 and 4, we presented subjects with fast sequences of CSs such that the configuration of an individual pattern was masked by the subsequent pattern leaving only the structural “essence” of the prime symmetry. The results strongly support the contention that higher-level hidden structure of change symmetry successfully primes the symmetry perception of 2D arrays as well as facial attractiveness.

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Complementarity of information obtained by Kolmogorov and Aksentijevic–Gibson complexities in the analysis of binary time series

Cited by 9 publications

References 34 publications

Time for Change: Implementation of Aksentijevic-Gibson Complexity in Psychology

Time for Change: Implementation of Aksentijevic-Gibson Complexity in Psychology

Mapping regularities in the solar irradiance data using complementary complexity measures

In plain sight: implicit priming of patterns and faces using change symmetry

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