Complement and immunoglobulin deposits in the skin of patients with atopic dermatitis

Ring, Johannes; Senter, Thomas P.; Cornell, Roger C.; Arroyave, Carlos M.; Tan, Eng M.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1978.tb02016.x

Cited by 35 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…Itch-mediating receptors are free endings of thin, unmyelinated, slow-conducting C-fibers showing their highest density at the dermal-epidermal junction level [14,15]. In patients with atopic eczema, complement and immunoglobulin deposits near this level of the skin have been found [16]. For a long time, the nature of itch-specific nerve fibers was questioned [14,17]; itch was regarded as a subquality of pain.…”

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pruritus and Atopic Dermatitis

Darsow

Pfab

Valet

et al. 2011

Clinic Rev Allerg Immunol

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Atopic eczema is one of the most pruritic skin diseases. Mediators of atopic eczema itch in the skin are still mostly unknown, but recent studies showed that the histamine 4 receptor plays an important role in itch pathophysiology; tryptase and interleukin-31 are also involved. Differences in itch perception and itch kinetics between healthy volunteers and eczema patients point towards an ongoing central nervous inhibitory activity in patients. Questionnaire studies reported comparatively higher loads in affective items chosen by patients with atopic eczema. In the concept of patient management, the therapy of clinical pruritus has to consider origin and perception of itch, namely the skin and the central nervous system, by combining topical and systemic treatment.

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Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pruritus and Atopic Dermatitis

Darsow

Pfab

Valet

et al. 2011

Clinic Rev Allerg Immunol

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“…We believe an array (antibody and cell-mediated) of immune re sponses might operate in this group. It is possible to speculate that in this form of CMA an asymptomatic gut mucosal IgE hypersensitivity response and the persistence of dietary antigen might act in synergy to result in the enhanced absorption of antigen [18], en hanced production [22] and local deposition [23] of immune complexes and complement, and the subse quent recruitment of lymphoid cells [24], resulting in cell-mediated damage to the target tissue. Such a series of events could well contribute to the chronic diarrhea and failure to thrive seen in a number of pa tients in this series with gastrointestinal responses and described previously by others [3,25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humoral Immune Response to Cow’s Milk in Children with Cow’s Milk Allergy

Firer

Hoskings²,

Hill

1987

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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In 47 infants and children aged 4–66 months with clinically proven cow’s milk allergy and in a group of age-matched controls, serum IgG, IgA and IgM cow’s milk-specific antibodies were determined with ELISA assays while IgE cow’s milk-specific antibodies were measured with Pharmacia RAST. The patients were divided into three separate groups according to the time of clinical response to a standardized cow’s milk challenge protocol. Immediate reactions ( < 45 min after challenge), which were mainly accompanied by urticarial skin eruptions, were associated with elevated IgE milk-specific antibody levels, indicating the involvement of an immediate hypersensitivity mechanism. Alternatively, intermediate reactions (1–20 h after challenge), which were mainly accompanied by vomiting and diarrhea, were not IgE-mediated. In the late reactions ( > 20 h after challenge) both eczematous and gastrointestinal reactions were seen. Patients with eczema-tous eruptions also showed elevated IgE milk-specific antibody levels. IgG milk-specific antibody levels were similar in each of the patient groups but all groups were significantly lower than in the controls. Levels of IgA and IgM milk-specific antibodies were similar in patients and controls. The results indicate that different im-munopathogenic mechanisms are operative in these subgroups of patients with cow’s milk allergy.

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“…The Langerhans' cell number is increased in chronic lichenified plaques to a greater degree than in acute erythematous lesions (10,17).…”

Section: Immunopathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology of atopic eczema

Soter¹

1989

Allergy

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The routine examination of skin biopsy specimens embedded in paraffin and strained with hematoxylin-eosin has failed to allow differentiation of atopic eczema from other types of eczematous dermatitis. The use of 1-nm plastic-embedded sections permits the recognition of infiltrating cell types and blood vessel alterations, thus allowing a refined method to examine cutaneous lesions and permit better definition of cutaneous structures than can be achieved in routinely-processed specimens.Acute vesicular lesions exhibited marked epidermal intercellular edema (spongiosis) and a dermal inflammatory infiltrate of lymphocytes, and activated lymphocytes with normal numbers of mast cells that exhibited various degrees of hypogranulation. Only rare eosinophils, neutrophils, and basophils were noted. Venular alterations included endothelial cell hypertrophy without necrosis. In lichenified plaques there was epidermal hyperplasia with a dermsil inflammatory infiltrate that included increased numbers of fully granulated mast cells and increased numbers of lymphocytes and monocyte-macrophages. Alterations of venules included marked endothelial cell hypertrophy and basement membrane thickening. Cutaneous nerves exhibited demyelination and fibrosis.Also, increased numbers of Langerhans' cells have been noted in the epidermis of chronic lesions. Despite the absence of eosinophils, major basic protein has been demonstrated in the dermis by direct immunofluorescence techniques. Studies of lymphocyte subsets have shown increased numbers of CD4 + T lymphocytes.

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Complement and immunoglobulin deposits in the skin of patients with atopic dermatitis

Cited by 35 publications

References 20 publications

Pruritus and Atopic Dermatitis

Pruritus and Atopic Dermatitis

Humoral Immune Response to Cow’s Milk in Children with Cow’s Milk Allergy

Morphology of atopic eczema

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