Morphology of atopic eczema

Soter, Nicholas A.

doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1989.tb02449.x

Cited by 83 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In addition, the dermis and epidermis in mice with AD-like lesions appeared thicker than normal (Fig 2, B, vs Fig 2, A). These histologic features are similar to those seen in patients with AD, 33 as well as in cats and dogs with AD. 13,14 …”

Section: Histologic Features Of Ad-like Lesionssupporting

confidence: 65%

Murine model of atopic dermatitis associated with food hypersensitivity

Kleiner²,

Huang³

et al. 2001

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

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110

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Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an eczematous skin eruption that generally begins in early infancy and affects up to 12% of the population. The cause of this disorder is not fully understood, although it is frequently the first sign of atopic disease and is characterized by an elevated serum IgE level, eosinophilia, and histologic tissue changes characterized early by spongiosis and a CD4 + T H 2 cellular infiltrate. Hypersensitivity to foods has been implicated as one causative factor in up to 40% of children with moderate-to-severe AD. Objective: The purpose of this study was to establish a murine model of food-induced AD. Methods: Female C3H/HeJ mice were sensitized orally to cow's milk or peanut with a cholera toxin adjuvant and then subjected to low-grade allergen exposure. Histologic examination of skin lesions, allergen-specific serum Ig levels, and allergen-induced T-cell proliferation and cytokine production were examined. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a form of eczema that generally begins in early infancy and is characterized by extreme pruritus, chronically relapsing course, and distinctive distribution. AD is often the first sign seen in a child who is prone to atopic disease, with 50% of all AD developing in the first year of life and 80% developing by 5 years of age. 1 In chronic skin lesions the epidermis has moderate-to-marked hyperplasia, with elongation of the rete ridges and prominent hyperkeratosis. Spongiosis is variable, and the numbers of mast cells and Langerhans cells are significantly increased. 2,3 Eosinophils are sparse, although eosinophil products (major basic protein) are prominent. 4 Although the pathogenic role of allergy in AD has been debated for over a century, clinical studies over the past 2 decades have supported the pathogenic role of food allergy in a subset of patients with AD. 5-7 A recent study found that approximately 40% of children with moderate-to-severe AD attending a university dermatology clinic had food hypersensitivity. 7 Other studies delineating the role of IgE-bearing antigen-presenting cells in establishing T H 2 lymphocytic responses 8 and demonstrating the predominant T H 2-lymphocytic infiltrate in acute eczematous lesions 9 have provided further support for the pathogenic role of allergy in AD.Animal models provide powerful tools for dissecting pathogenic mechanisms responsible for various disorders. A number of murine models of asthma have been developed in the past several years that have contributed greatly to our understanding of the immunopathogenesis of allergen-induced asthma. 10-12 Models of antigenassociated AD have been reported in cats and dogs, but because of difficulties with consistent induction of ADlike eruptions and high expense, they have not been widely studied. 13,14 A mouse strain, NC/Nga, has been reported that spontaneously has an AD-like skin lesion and IgE hyperproduction, presumably triggered by environmental factors. 15 More recently, a murine model of AD was described in which BALB/c mice were sensitized to ovalbumin (OVA...

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Section: Histologic Features Of Ad-like Lesionssupporting

confidence: 65%

Murine model of atopic dermatitis associated with food hypersensitivity

Kleiner²,

Huang³

et al. 2001

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

Self Cite

110

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“…1,2 The skin lesions of AD patients are characterized by the presence of an inflammatory infiltrate consisting of T lymphocytes, monocytes/macrophages, eosinophils, and mast cells. 3,4 These cells are involved in the pathogenesis and development of AD through the release of various cytokines and chemokines including IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13, 5 GM-CSF, 6 and RANTES (regulated upon activation, normal T expressed and secreted). 7 Of these cytokines/chemokines, IL-10 is overexpressed by monocytes/macrophages and the Th2 lymphocytes in the skin lesions of AD patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of dermatitis by iontophoretically delivered antisense oligonucleotides for interleukin-10 in NC/Nga mice

et al. 2004

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IL-10 is overexpressed in skin lesions of atopic dermatitis (AD) patients and believed to be an important factor in the pathogenesis of the disease. Thus the regulation of IL-10 production is a potential solution for immunotherapeutic intervention in AD. We examined the topical delivery of an antisense oligonucleotide for mouse IL-10 (AS6) and the therapeutic effect on the skin lesions of NC/Nga mice, a human AD model. Using an iontophoresis system, about 30% of the applied dose of AS6 penetrated the skin and was distributed in the epidermis and upper dermis. Topically delivered AS6 decreased the levels of mRNA and protein of IL-10 in the lesions of NC/Nga mice, with no effect on IL-4 levels. The dorsal lesions of NC/Nga mice disappeared with repeated topical application of AS6. Topically delivered AS6 showed an inhibitory effect on the production of IL-10 in the skin lesions of NC/Nga mice and had a therapeutic effect on the established dermatitis.

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“…In atopic dermatitis (AD), 3 the skin lesions show a chronically relapsing inflammatory disorder with prurience and eczema usually associated with elevated serum IgE levels (3,4). The skin lesions of AD patients are characterized by the presence of inflammatory infiltrates consisting of T lymphocytes, monocytes/macrophages, eosinophils, and mast cells (5,6). Dysregulated Th1 or Th2 responses are thought to be central to the pathology of diseases such as AD and asthma, which are characterized by Th2-dominated allergic inflammation (7)(8)(9).…”

Section: Suppression Of Skin Lesions By Transdermal Application Of Cpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression of Skin Lesions by Transdermal Application of CpG-Oligodeoxynucleotides in NC/Nga Mice, a Model of Human Atopic Dermatitis

Inoue

Aramaki

2007

The Journal of Immunology

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Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a pruritic inflammatory skin disease characterized by an elevation of the total IgE level in plasma, the infiltration of mast cells and eosinophils, and the expression of cytokines by Th2 cells. NC/Nga mice kept in conventional conditions are known to develop skin lesions resembling human AD. We examined in this study the alterations of immune response in NC/Nga mice kept in conventional conditions, following transdermal application of CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN), which plays a critical role in immunity via the augmentation of Th1-type and suppression of Th2-type responses. CpG-ODN remarkably changed the immune response from type Th2 to Th1 as determined from cytokine mRNA and Ab levels. The serum IgE level was decreased and the expression of IgG2a was up-regulated. The application of CpG-ODN to the skin also decreased inflammatory infiltration of mast cells, and suppression in the skin lesions was observed. Furthermore, the generation of regulatory T cells, which are considered immune suppressive T cells, was observed in the skin on treatment with CpG-ODN. These results suggested CpG-ODN is effective for immunotherapy in patients with AD, which is characterized by Th2-dominated inflammation.

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Morphology of atopic eczema

Cited by 83 publications

References 14 publications

Murine model of atopic dermatitis associated with food hypersensitivity

Murine model of atopic dermatitis associated with food hypersensitivity

Improvement of dermatitis by iontophoretically delivered antisense oligonucleotides for interleukin-10 in NC/Nga mice

Suppression of Skin Lesions by Transdermal Application of CpG-Oligodeoxynucleotides in NC/Nga Mice, a Model of Human Atopic Dermatitis

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