The current literature about regional development highlights the business agglomerations as an important mechanism for economic and technological development of their localities. Allied to this, biotechnology was identified as a wide area of knowledge that can be found in different economic activities, particularly in the health area and is often mentioned as one of the most promising segments for the XXI century. Therefore, and considering that Ribeirão Preto region is nationally recognized for its significant activity in health, this work met the three mentioned variables (business agglomerations, biotechnology and Ribeirão Preto region) in order to examine whether the concentration of biotechnology companies in Ribeirão Preto region is significant in relation to the state of São Paulo and Brazil. To achieve this goal, the paper was developed based on a descriptive survey, used the technique of documentary research for data collection, in a quantitative approach. The documentary research was conducted based on the analysis of the RAIS database (Annual Social Information) of the Ministry of Labor and Employment (MTE) in Brazil. Given the lack of consensus in the literature for the characterization of biotechnology companies, it was developed a criteria to define the economic activities of companies in this sector, which the result was essential for the calculation of its locational concentration index. To achieve this rate, it was used the location quotient (QL), that was calculated based on the number of companies and jobs generated by the biotechnology industry in the Ribeirão Preto region. As the main result, it was proved that the region of Ribeirão Preto has significant concentration of biotechnology companies in relation to the state of São Paulo and Brazil as well, and also that this sector has relatively better work hand in terms of level of education and remuneration compared to other economic sector in the same region.