Competitive displacement between ecological homologues

DeBach, Paul; Sundby, Ragnhild A.

doi:10.3733/hilg.v34n05p105

Cited by 171 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…A decade later A. lingnanensis was introduced and this species subsequently displaced A. chrysomphali in most of the areas sampled (DeBach and Sisojević 1960). A. melinus was introduced later and in turn displaced A. lingnanensis in many interior areas of California (DeBach and Sundby 1963). The difference in host-sizedependent sex allocation between A. melinus and A. lingnanensis was suggested as an explanation for competitive displacement (Murdoch et al 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host size and spatiotemporal patterns mediate the coexistence of specialist parasitoids

Pekas

Tena

Harvey

et al. 2016

Ecology

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Abstract.Many insect parasitoids are highly specialized and thus develop on only one or a few related host species, yet some hosts are attacked by many different parasitoid species in nature. For this reason, they have been often used to examine the consequences of competitive interactions. Hosts represent limited resources for larval parasitoid development and thus one competitor usually excludes all others. Although parasitoid competition has been debated and studied over the past several decades, understanding the factors that allow for coexistence among species sharing the same host in the field remains elusive. Parasitoids may be able to coexist on the same host species if they partition host resources according to size, age, or stage, or if their dynamics vary at spatial and temporal scales. One area that has thus far received little experimental attention is if competition can alter host usage strategies in parasitoids that in the absence of competitors attack hosts of the same size in the field. Here, we test this hypothesis with two parasitoid species in the genus Aphytis, both of which are specialized on the citrus pest California red scale Aonidiella aurantii. These parasitoids prefer large scales as hosts and yet coexist in sympatry in eastern parts of Spain. Parasitoids and hosts were sampled in 12 replicated orange groves. When host exploitation by the stronger competitor, A. melinus, was high the poorer competitor, A. chrysomphali, changed its foraging strategy to prefer alternative plant substrates where it parasitized hosts of smaller size. Consequently, the inferior parasitoid species shifted both its habitat and host size as a result of competition. Our results suggest that density-dependent size-mediated asymmetric competition is the likely mechanism allowing for the coexistence of these two species, and that the use of suboptimal (small) hosts can be advantageous under conditions imposed by competition where survival in higher quality larger hosts may be greatly reduced.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host size and spatiotemporal patterns mediate the coexistence of specialist parasitoids

Pekas

Tena

Harvey

et al. 2016

Ecology

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“…The biology of the parasitic fly attacking this pest has a restricted range in cooler frost-free areas of California, while the vedalia beetle was able to control cottony cushion scale over a much wider area, including the hotter areas of citrus production (Quesada and DeBach 1973). In another case, DeBach and Sundby (1963) showed that successive introductions of parasitoids to control California red scale on citrus resulted in a sequence of climatically betteradapted parasitoids displacing each other in some areas. This displacement occurred until each species established itself in the subset of Californian environments most favorable for its development.…”

Section: Review Of Relevant Biological Modeling Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic Distribution and Relative Abundance of the Invasive Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter: Effects of Temperature and Egg Parasitoids

Gutiérrez¹,

Ponti

Hoddle

et al. 2011

Environ Entomol

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“…Such changes must, of course, be manifested by shifts in the sizes of populations. If the sizes of competing populations rapidly alter in a reciprocal fashion over a small number (tens to hundreds) of generations this would conform well to the idea of competitive exclusion as generally conceived (e.g., DeBach, 1963). If the interaction goes more slowly and extends over a much longer span of generations (hundreds to thousands) changes will occur among the genetic determinants of the ecological attributes of the two species.…”

Section: Interspecific Competition and Timementioning

confidence: 53%

“…It is as if interspecific competition contributes to the formation of natural communities merely by filtering out a required number of species from a larger array of potential constituents. Once the community has formed, competition would occasionally involve the exchange of one species for another (DeBach, 1963). Conversely, competitive coexistence through its evolutionary effects would cause species to pass through increasingly stable degrees of coexistence.…”

Section: Interspecific Competition and Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution, Coexistence, and Competition of Whirligig Beetles

Istock

1966

Evolution

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Competitive displacement between ecological homologues

Cited by 171 publications

References 37 publications

Host size and spatiotemporal patterns mediate the coexistence of specialist parasitoids

Host size and spatiotemporal patterns mediate the coexistence of specialist parasitoids

Geographic Distribution and Relative Abundance of the Invasive Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter: Effects of Temperature and Egg Parasitoids

Distribution, Coexistence, and Competition of Whirligig Beetles

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