Competitive Ability of Santa-Maria (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) with Spring Maize

Abstract

In recent decades, allelopathy has gained considerable attention in sustainable agricultural systems. In the current situation, an attempt has been made to investigate the optimal competition period for weed control in maize. Experiments were designed in randomized complete block design and Parthenium hysterophorus was naturally infested in experimental plots during the spring season 2014 to determine the critical competition period for weed control in maize. The relations between grain yield and different competition durations were determined via regression analyses. The experiment comprised seven treatments viz, control treatment, competition for 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 and 105 days after emergence. The results suggested that a weed-free period (control treatment) of maize was enough to provide acceptable grain yield. Whole season different competition periods and weed-free plots were included in the experiment for yield comparison. The highest grain yield was obtained from plot kept weed-free (control treatment). The results clearly indicated that P. hysterophorus was competitively more aggressive and its control in maize crop provide maximum grain yield.

Integrated management of parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) and its effect on yield components and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) in West Gojjam Zone, Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia

“…This is due to longer persistence of the chemical and the high suppression, avoiding regrowth and uprooting of the weed by mechanical management system up to harvest. This result supports the finding of Anafjeh and Chaab (2012) and Rehman, Qamar, Farooq, Qamar, and Hassan (2018) who also found that the lower number of cobs with increased weed competition.…”

Growth analysis of Ambrosia artemisiifolia

“…This weed exhibits a high potential for competition with crops. Corn competition with Parthenium hysterophorus reduced the number of plants per meter, the height and the grain yield from 13.43 m -2 to 8.10 m -2 ; from 228.10 cm to 176.33 cm; and 22.69 ton ha -1 to 13.25 ton ha -1 , respectively when in competition for 105 days after emergence (Rehman et al, 2018). When in competition with Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., soybean presented grain productivity of 4422 kg ha -1 , but when free of competition the productivity was 5177 kg ha -1 (Barnes et al, 2018).…”

“…The species Parthenium hysterophorus shows allelopathic potential with soybean (Shehzad et al, 2016), and Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. in corn (Bonea et al, 2018). As a weed, common ragweed has already been studied in soybean (Barnes et al, 2018;Coble et al, 1981;Hall et al, 2021), corn (Rehman et al, 2018), and wheat (Brighenti et al, 1994).…”

Wild sunflower interference in common bean fields in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia

“…Weeds are one of the main biotic constraints limiting common bean productivity and production. They limit the resources required for crop growth, resulting in reduced crop growth and, ultimately, affecting the crop yield and yield components through competition (Karimmojeni et al, 2021; Rehman et al., 2020; Safdar et al., 2015). The susceptibility of cultivated plants to weed competition varies according to weed density, duration of the competition, and competitive ability of weed species (Eslami et al., 2006; Kaur et al., 2017; Westbrook et al, 2021).…”