Competition and facilitation in industrial barrens: Variation in performance of mountain birch seedlings with distance from nurse plants

Eränen, Janne K.; Kozlov, Mikhail V.

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.11.048

Cited by 22 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In general, vascular plant species were positively related to the cover of B. pubescens, very likely reflecting the sheltering effect that B. pubescens provides (Eränen and Kozlov 2007). The opposite pattern shown by lichens (i.e.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

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Contrasting effects of biotic interactions on richness and distribution of vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens in an arctic–alpine landscape

et al. 2015

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Biotic interactions may strongly affect the distribution of individual species and the resulting patterns of species richness. However, the impacts can vary depending on the species or taxa examined, suggesting that the influences of interactions on species distributions and diversity are not always straightforward and can be taxon-contingent. The aim of this study was therefore to examine how the importance of biotic interactions varies within a community. We incorporated three biotic predictors (cover of the dominant vascular species) into two correlative species richness modelling frameworks to predict spatial variation in the number of vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens in arctic-alpine Fennoscandia, in N Europe. In addition, predictions based on single-species distribution models were used to determine the nature of the impact (negative vs. positive outcome) of the three dominant species on individual vascular plant, bryophyte and lichen species. Our results suggest that biotic variables can be as important as abiotic variables, but their relative contributions in explaining the richness of sub-dominant species varies among dominant species, species group and the modelling framework implemented. Similarly, the impacts of biotic interactions on individual species varied among the three species groups and dominant species, with the observed patterns partly reflecting species' biogeographic range. Our study provides additional support for the importance of biotic interactions in modifying arctic-alpine biodiversity patterns, and highlights that the impacts of interactions are not constant across taxa or biotic drivers. The influence of biotic interactions, including the taxon-contingency and range-based impacts, should therefore be accounted for when developing biodiversity forecasts.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Thus this tree is expected to exert considerable control on the distribution of arctic-alpine (excluding them from forested areas) and boreal species (creating microclimatically suitable habitat under its canopy) (Grytnes et al 2006;Eränen and Kozlov 2007).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting effects of biotic interactions on richness and distribution of vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens in an arctic–alpine landscape

et al. 2015

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“…These data suggest that ECM fungi, acting via preferential colonisation, may have contributed to increased proportion of polycormic birches in open habitats. In turn, in windy habitats polycormic trees, acting as mechanical shelters, accumulate much more litter than monocormic trees (personal observation), presumably making the soil more favourable to ECM fungi due to alleviation of temperature extremes and maintaining higher soil moisture than in barren microsites (for changes in abiotic environment under natural and artificial shelters in industrial barrens consult Zvereva and Kozlov 2006;Eränen and Kozlov 2007). Consequently, abundant ECM fungi improve the litter degradation process via carbon drain to soil (Högberg and Högberg 2002), and may allow direct nutrient cycling from litter via mycorrhizal network to the associated birches (Northup et al 1995).…”

Section: Interactions Between Birch and Ectomycorrhizal Fungi In Contmentioning

confidence: 96%

Mycorrhizal colonisation of mountain birch (Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii) along three environmental gradients: does life in harsh environments alter plant-fungal relationships?

Ruotsalainen

Markkola

Kozlov

2008

Environ Monit Assess

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Environmental stress affects ectomycorrhizal communities (ECM), but it is not known how general the detected ECM responses are. We investigated ECM fungi on roots of mountain birch, Betula pubescens subsp. czerepanovii (Orlova) Hämet-Ahti, along three environmental gradients, two natural (altitude, seashore) and one human-induced (pollution), within the Kola Peninsula, NW Russia. Chlorophyll fluorescence of birch leaves indicated no environmental stress even in the conditions that were presumed most stressful in terms of abiotic environment, where the biomass and population density of birches were strongly reduced. Although neither overall ECM colonisation nor root fungal biomass showed stress-related patterns, colonisation by Cenococcum geophilum tended to decrease with abiotic stress. ECM morphotype diversity declined with abiotic stress, and along altitudinal gradient this decline was related to an increase in proportion of morphotypes with high fungal biomass. Polycormic birches had higher ECM colonisation than monocormic birches at high stress sites only. ECM morphotype diversity increased with foliar nitrogen concentration at low stress sites, but not at high stress sites. Birches with higher chlorophyll fluorescence had lower chitin concentration in their roots (indicating lower proportion of fungal structures) at high stress sites only. Our results suggest that at high stress sites (1) mechanical shelter created by polycormic trees may favour ECM fungi and (2) mountain birches maintain lower ECM diversity than at low stress sites.

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“…The weak seedling-seedling facilitation is likely a result of too large planting distance (Dickie et al 2005;Eränen and Kozlov 2007) relative to the size attained by the seedlings by the end of the experiment. Due to their small size, the shelter provided by individual (or even groups of) mountain birch seedlings may have been too minor (either in effect or space) to mitigate the abiotic stress.…”

Section: Seedling-seedling Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Interactions between mountain birch seedlings from differentiated populations in contrasting environments of subarctic Russia

Eränen

Kozlov

2008

Plant Ecol

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So far very few experiments have accounted for the combined effect of two phenomena co-occurring in stress gradients: local adaptation to stress and the increase in facilitation with increasing stress (predicted by the stress-gradient hypothesis, SGH). Mountain birch (Betula pubescens subsp. czerepanovii) facilitates conspecific seedlings in subarctic high stress sites and is capable of rapid evolutionary adaptation, being therefore a good model species for a study combining local ecotypes and SGH. A within-species experiment was conducted to test SGH in three stress gradients, detect potential local adaptations between low and high stress populations, and assess their effects on seedling-seedling interactions. Although no evidence for local adaptation was detected, high and low stress populations showed some differentiation, possibly explained by decreasing phenotypic plasticity in high stress conditions and/or neutral evolutionary mechanisms. Weak support for SGH was detected. While facilitation was unaffected by seedling origin, low stress populations showed better competitive ability.

show abstract

Competition and facilitation in industrial barrens: Variation in performance of mountain birch seedlings with distance from nurse plants

Cited by 22 publications

References 36 publications

Contrasting effects of biotic interactions on richness and distribution of vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens in an arctic–alpine landscape

Contrasting effects of biotic interactions on richness and distribution of vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens in an arctic–alpine landscape

Mycorrhizal colonisation of mountain birch (Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii) along three environmental gradients: does life in harsh environments alter plant-fungal relationships?

Interactions between mountain birch seedlings from differentiated populations in contrasting environments of subarctic Russia

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