Competition and facilitation in compound conditioning.

Urcelay, Gonzalo P.

doi:10.1037/xan0000149

Cited by 23 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 98 publications

(182 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…That is, the comparator mechanism is more likely to select the stimuli with stronger predictive value to control behaviour Reed, 2011). Running Head: STIMULUS OVER-SELECTIVITY AND CS DURATION Within an overshadowing context, research has demonstrated that longer duration CS presentations in elemental training, attenuate conditioned responding (e.g., Gibbon & Balsam, 1981;Sissons, Urcelay, & Miller, 2009), often referred to as the CS-duration effect (see Urcelay, 2017). Crucially, more recent research (e.g., Urushihara, Stout, & Miller, 2004;Sissons et al, 2009;Urushihara & Miller, 2007;Westbrook, Homewood, Horn, & Clarke, 1983) demonstrated that with compound cue training, short CS durations resulted in overshadowing whereas longer CS durations resulted in no cue competition (the opposite as is true for elemental cue training).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of stimulus duration on over-selectivity: Evidence for the role of within-compound associations.

Reynolds¹,

Reed²

2018

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cogniti

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The phenomenon whereby behavior becomes controlled by one aspect of the environment at the expense of other aspects of the environment (stimulus overselectivity) is widespread across many intellectual and developmental disabilities. However, the theoretical mechanisms underpinning overselectivity are not understood. Given similarities between overselectivity and overshadowing, exploring overselectivity using associative learning paradigms might allow better theoretical understanding of the phenomenon. Three experiments explored overselectivity using a simultaneous discrimination task with typically developing participants undergoing a cognitively demanding task. Experiment 1 investigated whether stimulus duration effects found within the overshadowing literature also occurred in an overselectivity paradigm, and demonstrated that greater overselectivity was observed when stimuli were presented for short durations (2s and 5s) compared with longer durations (10s). Experiment 2 demonstrated that a posttraining revaluation procedure resulted in retrospective revaluation for stimuli presented at shorter durations (2s) and mediated extinction for stimuli presented at longer durations (10s). Such results replicate findings from the overshadowing literature that have been interpreted in terms of within-compound associations while also supporting assumptions made by an extended comparator hypothesis. Experiment 3 uses an additional control condition to further demonstrate that the retrospective revaluation is a genuine revaluation effect. Additionally, the experiment provides further evidence for the within-compound association explanation of the results through manipulating the consistency with which elements of a compound were paired during training. Taken together, the findings highlight the necessity to consider the role of within-compound associations in overselectivity, allowing for a better understanding of overselectivity effects. (PsycINFO Database Record

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of stimulus duration on over-selectivity: Evidence for the role of within-compound associations.

Reynolds¹,

Reed²

2018

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cogniti

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The fact that V B-US is low will reduce V COMB in Equation 3, but its contribution to Equations 4 and 5 (i.e., 1/c.|V B-US |) will simultaneously increase the contribution to performance of the CS-oriented component (i.e., R CS ) and reduce the USoriented component (i.e., R US ). While it would be tendentious to argue that failures to observe blocking (e.g., Maes, Boddez, Alfei, Krypotos, D'Hooge, De Houwer, & Beckers, 2016) provide support for the analysis presented above -grounds for such failures abound -there can little doubt that blocking effects can be less complete than a simple rendering of the Rescorla-Wagner model would predict (for a recent review and analysis, see Urcelay, 2017).…”

Section: Blocking: Learning and Performancementioning

confidence: 96%

“…For now, it is sufficient to note that HeiDI provides one formal analysis of how within-compound associations might affect the outcome of blocking and unblocking procedures (cf. Urcelay, 2017). Latent inhibition: An alternative associative analysis Rescorla and Wagner (1972) recognized the fact that while their model provided a ready account for blocking, it did not address the fact that simple preexposure to a CS retards later excitatory and inhibitory conditioning (for a review, see Hall, 1991;Lubow, 1989).…”

Section: Blocking: Learning and Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

HeiDI: A model for Pavlovian learning and performance with reciprocal associations

Honey

Dwyer

Iliescu

2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

AbstractAssociative treatments of how Pavlovian conditioning affects conditioned behavior are rudimentary: A simple ordinal mapping is held to exist between the strength of an association (V) between a conditioned stimulus (CS) and an unconditioned stimulus (US; i.e., VCS-US) and conditioned behavior in a given experimental preparation. The inadequacy of this simplification is highlighted by recent studies that have taken multiple measures of conditioned behavior: Different measures of conditioned behavior provide the basis for drawing opposite conclusions about VCS-US. Here, we develop a simple model involving reciprocal associations between the CS and US (VCS-US and VUS-CS) that simulates these qualitative individual differences in conditioned behavior. The new model, HeiDI (How excitation and inhibition Determine Ideo-motion), enables a broad range of phenomena to be accommodated, which are either beyond the scope of extant models or require them to appeal to additional (learning) processes. It also provides an impetus for new lines of inquiry and generates novel predictions.

show abstract

Section: Blocking: Learning and Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

HeiDI: A model for Pavlovian learning and performance with reciprocal associations.

Honey¹,

Dwyer²,

Iliescu³

2020

Psychological Review

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Associative treatments of how Pavlovian conditioning affects conditioned behavior are rudimentary: A simple ordinal mapping is held to exist between the strength of an association (V) between a conditioned stimulus (CS) and an unconditioned stimulus (US;i.e., VCS-US) and conditioned behavior in a given experimental preparation. The inadequacy of this simplification is highlighted by recent studies that have taken multiple measures of conditioned behavior: Different measures of conditioned behavior provide the basis for drawing opposite conclusions about VCS-US across individual animals. Here, we develop a simple model involving reciprocal associations between the CS and US (VCS-US and VUS-CS) that simulates these qualitative individual differences in conditioned behavior. The new model, HeiDI (How excitation and inhibition Determine Ideo-motion), enables a broad range of phenomena to be accommodated, which are either beyond the scope of extant models or require them to appeal to additional (learning) processes. It also provides an impetus for new lines of inquiry and generates novel predictions. c 1 c 1 6. Brimer, C.J. (1970). Inhibition and disinhibition of an operant response as a function of the amount and type of prior training.

show abstract

Competition and facilitation in compound conditioning.

Cited by 23 publications

References 98 publications

The effect of stimulus duration on over-selectivity: Evidence for the role of within-compound associations.

The effect of stimulus duration on over-selectivity: Evidence for the role of within-compound associations.

HeiDI: A model for Pavlovian learning and performance with reciprocal associations

HeiDI: A model for Pavlovian learning and performance with reciprocal associations.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About