Competências profissionais em Saúde Pública: conceitos, origens, abordagens e aplicações

Abstract

Submissão: 29-01-2011aprovação: 15-08-2012ReSUmO Competências profissionais é um tema que tem sido muito discutido em várias áreas, incluindo a saúde. A necessidade de novos modos de processos de trabalho em consequência da mudança no modelo assistencial e do perfil epidemiológico das doenças tem suscitado debates e discussões nesta área. Neste contexto, o objetivo do presente artigo é apresentar uma revisão sobre o constructo competência a fim de compreender o seu contexto sócio-histórico e de verificar sua aplicabilidade na saúde. Apresentam-se as principais abordagens citadas na literatura e as suas diversas origens. Também foi apresentada a aplicação do conceito em Saúde Pública com as discussões que ocorrem na literatura e na Galway Consensus Conference, em 2008. descritores: Prática Profissional; Recursos Humanos em Saúde; Capacitação. aBStRaCt Professional competences are an issue that has been much discussed in several areas including health. The need for new modes of work processes as a result of the change in model of care and epidemiology of diseases has sparked discussion and debate in this area. In this context, the objective of this paper is to present a review of the construct of competence to understand their socio-historical context and their applicability in the context of health. It was presented the main approaches cited in the literature and their diverse backgrounds on the issue. Also it was reported the application of the concept in Public Health with the discussions in literature and the Galway Consensus Conference in 2008. Key words: Professional Practice; Health Manpower; Training. ReSUmeNCompetencias profesionales es un tema que ha sido muy discutido en varias áreas, incluida la salud. La necesidad de nuevas modalidades de los procesos de trabajo como resultado del cambio en el modelo de atención y la epidemiología de las enfermedades ha provocado la discusión y el debate. En este contexto, el objetivo del presente trabajo es presentar una revisión de la competencia de la construcción con el fin de entender su contexto socio-histórico y su aplicabilidad en la salud. Su los principales enfoques citados en la literatura y sus diversos orígenes. Además se ha analizado la aplicación del concepto en Salud Pública con los debates en la literatura y Galway Conferencia de Consenso en 2008. 668Rev Bras Enferm, Brasília 2012 jul-ago; 65(4): 667-74.

Competências do enfermeiro na promoção da saúde de indivíduos com cardiopatias crônicas

“…Building a competent workforce for health promotion with the knowledge and competencies required to develop, implement and evaluate policies and health promotion practices is key to integrate and sustain health promotion action (31)(32) .…”

“…The actions in this area are inserted in the domain "catalyze change", characterized by enabling transformation through individual and collective training to improve health (31) . Health education and empowerment are clearly effective tools for disease prevention (30) .…”

“…To meet these principles, the nurse should value the leadership competence that allows the professional to produce a strategic direction and opportunities for the development of healthy public policies, mobilization and management of resources for health promotion (31) .…”

“…In this perspective, the nurse is one of the professionals involved in the diagnosis of the community, that is, conducting community assessment, identifying and analyzing behavior, culture, social, environmental and organizational aspects, which can be instrumental in promoting health or impairing it (31) .…”

“…While the planning domain is described as the ability to establish measurable goals and objectives in response to the needs assessment, implementation is the way to effectively perform these strategies (31) .…”