Compensatory Structural Adaptive Modifications of Vagina in Response to Functional Demand in Goat

Abstract

Vaginal biopsies and smears were collected from ten adult local healthy goats. Routine histological methods were carried out on vaginal biopsies and then stained with PAS stain. The smears were stained with Methylene blue. All samples were inspected under light microscope. The present study found that many constituents of the wall of the vagina, which have an important functional role, were absent; among these were the vaginal glands, goblet cells, muscularis mucosa, and lymphatic nodules. On the other hand, vagina showed special compensatory histological mechanisms, namely, the deep epithelial folds, the well-developed germinated stratum basale, the apparent basement membrane, and the profuse defensive cells, such as neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma cells, and mast cells. The general stains of this study could not recognize dendritic cells although they play an important functional role. Moreover, the herein study declared also that the vaginal smears showing many adaptive cellular mechanisms among these were, the keratinization, the process of sheet formation that lines the vaginal lumen, the process of metachromasia which is related to the cellular activity in protein synthesis, keratin, and finally the presence of endogenous microorganisms. It was concluded that all the above cellular compensatory adaptive mechanisms may compensate the lacking vaginal constituents and act to raise the immune response of the vagina.

Cytological Characteristics of Mucose Cell and Vaginal Temperature and pH During Estrous Cycle in Local Sheep

“…In estrous phase, level estrogen in blood was high, this could be impact to increasing of uterus activities and make hyper secretion, ceratination of epithelial vagina cell and then increased of mitotic cell and proliferation of epithel cell (Popalayah et al, 2013). Ceratination process was important to protect epithelium of vagina from pathogenic invasion between cell or tissues (Hussin et al, 2014). Endogenous bacteria could be metabolized glycogen in cell to lactic acid and could be decline of pH vagina for the protecting of the pathogenic bacteria.…”