Compensation of filter cascading effects and non‐linearities in flexible multi‐carrier‐based optical networks using a complex‐kernel‐based support vector machine

Jarajreh, Mutsam A.

doi:10.1049/iet-com.2017.1212

IET Communications

2018

DOI: 10.1049/iet-com.2017.1212

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Compensation of filter cascading effects and non‐linearities in flexible multi‐carrier‐based optical networks using a complex‐kernel‐based support vector machine

Mutsam A. Jarajreh

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Cited by 4 publications

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References 21 publications

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“…Machine learning has been recently under the spotlight for many photonic-related applications [18,19]. In long-haul CO-OFDM several supervised and unsupervised machine learning algorithms (MLAs) have been harnessed to mainly perform DSP-based fiber-induced nonlinearity compensation, including artificial neural network (ANNs) [20][21][22][23][24][25][26], support vector machine (SVMs) [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34], and machine learning clustering such as Fuzzy-logic C-means (FL or FLC) [35], K-means [35] or affinity propagation (AP) [36].In this paper we review the aforementioned MLAs for CO-OFDM, showing key results for single-polarization and standard SMF (SSMF)-based long-haul transmission by comparing them with full-step DBP (FS-DBP) and IVSTF. We also briefly discuss the operation of popular deterministic nonlinearity cancellation techniques and a full computational complexity analysis is presented, for the first time, among key MLAs, FS-DBP and IVSTF.…”

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Harnessing machine learning for fiber-induced nonlinearity mitigation in long-haul coherent optical OFDM

et al. 2018

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Coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CO-OFDM) has attracted a lot of interest in optical fiber communications due to its simplified digital signal processing (DSP) units, high spectral-efficiency, flexibility, and tolerance to linear impairments. However, CO-OFDM's high peak-to-average power ratio imposes high vulnerability to fiber-induced non-linearities. DSP-based machine learning has been considered as a promising approach for fiber non-linearity compensation without sacrificing computational complexity. In this paper, we review the existing machine learning approaches for CO-OFDM in a common framework and review the progress in this area with a focus on practical aspects and comparison with benchmark DSP solutions.Future Internet 2019, 11, 2 2 of 20 between the spatial modes, compared to the SMFs. On the other hand, the drive towards higher-order modulation formats, such as 16-QAM, and spectral-efficient techniques, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), lead to greater transmission impairments, reducing the maximum distance over which increased capacity can be provided. More specific, denser constellation diagrams render higher-order modulation formats are more susceptible to circularly-symmetric Gaussian noise as generated by Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) along the transmission link [6]. Even though the launch power per wavelength channel can be increased to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the receiver, transmission is limited by nonlinear distortions due to the Kerr effect, which have a more severe impact on higher-order modulation formats and spectral-efficient modulation schemes [5,7].Moreover, the transmission of more than two signal wavelengths (wavelength-division multiplexing, WDM) through an optical fibre generates four-wave mixing (FWM), a process caused by the power dependence of the refractive index of the optical fibre [3]. FWM is related to fibre nonlinearity and gives rise to new wavelengths which significantly degrade the signal quality especially at high optical powers and when signals are spectrally close to each other. FWM is one of the most dominant nonlinear effects in optical networks and a primary root of the capacity crunch [3]. Since nonlinear noise such as FWM is highly correlated to signals themselves, nonlinearity can be mitigated by performing special treatment of the signals or conducting post-transmission digital signal processing (DSP) on received signals [5,7].On the other hand, coherent optical OFDM (CO-OFDM) [8] has attracted a lot of interest in optical fiber communications due to its simplified DSP units, high spectral-efficiency, flexibility, and tolerance to linear impairments. However, CO-OFDM's high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) imposes high vulnerability to fiber-induced nonlinearities [8]. Attempts to combat nonlinearities in CO-OFDM have been performed by deterministic nonlinearity compensators which take advantage of the fact that light scattering within a fibre is a deterministic process. Key te...

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Harnessing machine learning for fiber-induced nonlinearity mitigation in long-haul coherent optical OFDM

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Modulation Method for High-Capacity Fibre Channel Switch and High-Speed Pulse Network Data

Yang

2022

Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics

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Fibre channel (FC) switches are widely used in storage area networks and avionics systems. In this work, the FC protocol, the switching structure and the scheduling algorithm of the FC switch are deeply studied, and a 48-port FC switch is completed on a single-chip field-programmable gate array (FPGA). In addition, an improved scheduling algorithm for Inter-System Link Protocol (iSLP) is proposed for the input and scheduling of optical fiber pulse network data. On this basis, the overall architecture of the FC switch is proposed, the x690tffg1158 FPGA chip is selected, and the FC port control module is designed, which is composed of the receiving controller, the interface state machine, the sending controller, and the flow control. The routing table lookup module of FC switch is designed, the unicast routing table format and multicast routing table format are proposed, and the corresponding unicast and multicast routing table lookup table module architectures are designed. Aiming at the characteristics of high reliability and low distortion in the transmission of high-speed pulse network signals by FC switches, the modulation and demodulation of Bias-T (BIAS-T) are redesigned. The experiment is implemented using Verilog hardware description language (HDL), and Modelsim 10.5 software is adopted to simulate each module of the switch. The switch adopts an 8×N switching structure, which can accurately perform word synchronization. After the link is initialized, the transceivers can send and receive data frames normally. The redesigned BIAS-T is applied to solve the instability of the end of the analog modulation method, and then realize the low distortion and data integrity of the high-speed pulse signal of the FC switch.

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Photoelectric Computer Simulation of Cu₂O/WO₃ Composite Semiconductor Materials

Liu¹

2022

Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics

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Cuprous oxide (Cu2O) is a P-type semiconductor material with a narrow forbidden band and shows good optoelectronic performance. Due to the easy composition of photo-induced electrons and holes in Cu2O, the photocatalytic activity is reduced, so it is necessary to reduce the composition of photo-induced electrons and holes in Cu2O to improve its optoelectronic performance. In this work, nano-Cu2O and Cu2O/tungsten trioxide (WO3) composite semiconductor films were first prepared by anodization. Nano-Cu2O/WO3 composite semiconductors can be obtained in both alkaline solution and acidic solution. Among them, the granular Cu2O/WO3 composite film can be obtained by annealing treatment at 370 °C after anodization at 10 V voltage in the alkaline solution, and its photocurrent density is 50 times that of pure Cu2O film. The flaky Cu2O/WO3 composite film can be obtained by annealing treatment at 400 °C after anodization at 0.8 V voltage in the acid solution, and its photocurrent density is 17 times that of pure Cu2O film. The Cu2O/WO3 composite film prepared in the acid solution is taken to peel off the single-layer film by the micromechanical exfoliation method, and to construct the semiconductor optoelectronic device based on single-layer Cu2O/WO3 by photolithography micromachining technology. The nano-film device is irradiated with different wavelengths of laser light, and it is found that Cu2O/WO3 shows excellent photosensitivity. In addition, the current changes greatly under blue-violet light irradiation and changes slightly under red light irradiation. The field effect transistor based on single-layer Cu2O/WO3 is constructed, and its field effect transport performance is affected by the adsorption of water molecules. The results reveal that with the increase of relative humidity, the conductivity and switching voltage of the optoelectronic device increase accordingly.

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Compensation of filter cascading effects and non‐linearities in flexible multi‐carrier‐based optical networks using a complex‐kernel‐based support vector machine

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Harnessing machine learning for fiber-induced nonlinearity mitigation in long-haul coherent optical OFDM

Harnessing machine learning for fiber-induced nonlinearity mitigation in long-haul coherent optical OFDM

Modulation Method for High-Capacity Fibre Channel Switch and High-Speed Pulse Network Data

Photoelectric Computer Simulation of Cu₂O/WO₃ Composite Semiconductor Materials

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Compensation of filter cascading effects and non‐linearities in flexible multi‐carrier‐based optical networks using a complex‐kernel‐based support vector machine

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Harnessing machine learning for fiber-induced nonlinearity mitigation in long-haul coherent optical OFDM

Harnessing machine learning for fiber-induced nonlinearity mitigation in long-haul coherent optical OFDM

Modulation Method for High-Capacity Fibre Channel Switch and High-Speed Pulse Network Data

Photoelectric Computer Simulation of Cu2O/WO3 Composite Semiconductor Materials

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Photoelectric Computer Simulation of Cu₂O/WO₃ Composite Semiconductor Materials