Compatibility Study for Plastic, Elastomeric, and Metallic Fueling Infrastructure Materials Exposed to Aggressive Formulations of Ethanol-blended Gasoline

Kass, Michael D.; Pawel, S.J.; Theiss, Timothy; Janke, Christopher J.

doi:10.2172/1039968

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The metal samples all had a minimal increase or decrease in volume of 6% or less. The relatively minor volume changes after the fuel exposures is consistent with the results from other studies [9][10][11][12]18]. …”

Section: Metalssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Kass et al [9][10][11][12][13] found some of the largest gains for SBR, followed by NBR and N (60-80% increases for lower level ethanol/butanol exposures), and PU (approximately 40% for the different aggressive alcohol blends), with the fluorocarbons swelling from 15% to 22% for A401C and B601 for alcohol fuel exposures. They also found trends where the volume swell tailed off as a function of increasing ethanol/alcohol level for several materials, including SBR, NBR, and N, with a slight trend for the fluorocarbons.…”

Section: Elastomersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They also found trends where the volume swell tailed off as a function of increasing ethanol/alcohol level for several materials, including SBR, NBR, and N, with a slight trend for the fluorocarbons. After drying, they found volume reductions on the order of 15-18% for SBR, 10-18% for NBR, 17-20 for N, from 1% to 12% for PU, and a more consistent retention of about 7% for the fluorocarbons [9][10][11][12][13]. Jones et al [16] evaluated elastomers for volume changes for CE10A and CE20A fuels, including nitrile rubber with a medium and high CAN content and fluoroelastomers.…”

Section: Elastomersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the research in this area has been conducted by Kass et al [9] at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), where they performed a series of studies to evaluate the potential impact of different alcohol blends on fuel storage and fuel dispensing infrastructure materials. The first phase of this research focused on intermediate ethanol levels (10-25%) and evaluated the impacts on elastomers, metals and sealants [9,10]. This effort was then expanded to include plastics, which are found in fueling infrastructure systems, including piping and underground storage tanks [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Material compatibility evaluation for elastomers, plastics, and metals exposed to ethanol and butanol blends

Durbin

Karavalakis

Norbeck

et al. 2016

Fuel

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

h i g h l i g h t sMaterials were exposed to ethanol and butanol fuels, and aggressive blends. Materials examined included elastomers, plastics, and metals. Volume and mass changes were measured plus some tensile strength. Significant changes in the materials observed for the elastomers. Smaller changes were seen for the plastics and the metals. a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c tAs the use of alternative fuels increases in the marketplace, it is important to understand how these new fuels might impact the network of transportation, storage, and distribution systems used for transportation fuels. This study examined materials compatibility issues for components that would be found in the existing petroleum fueling infrastructure. E10 blends with both aggressive and non-aggressive formulations, a 55% butanol blend with an aggressive formulation were employed on metal, plastic, and elastomer samples. The material specimens were evaluated before and after exposure for volume and mass change, and elastomers and plastics were tested for tensile strength. The elastomers and plastics generally increased in volume and mass immediately following the exposures, indicating the adsorption of the liquid fuels into the elastomer and plastic material. Following drying, the most elastomers shrank to volume/mass values below that of the original sample, indicating that the liquid fuel and some of the associated elastomer components were removed from the sample, while plastics retained some of this volume swell/mass gain after drying, indicating that the liquid fuel was retained in the plastic structure. Metal samples were the least affected by the liquid fuel exposures, with all samples showing a minimal increase or decrease in volume of 6% or less and negligible change in mass. Most elastomers and plastics showed a reduction in tensile strength and elongation after the fuel exposures.

show abstract

Section: Metalssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Elastomersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Elastomersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Material compatibility evaluation for elastomers, plastics, and metals exposed to ethanol and butanol blends

Durbin

Karavalakis

Norbeck

et al. 2016

Fuel

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Another important issue is the compatibility of various elastomer and plastic materials of different chemistry, used in different automobile parts, with ethanol. These issues have been studied and addressed in various internal studies and research papers [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. A major study on 20 percent ethanol blended gasoline (E20) has been reported by the Orbital Engine Company, Australia, for the Government of Australia [3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compatibility Studies on Elastomers and Polymers with Ethanol Blended Gasoline

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper reports the compatibility studies of 10% ethanol blended gasoline (E10) with four types of elastomer materials, namely, Neoprene rubber, Nitrile rubber, hydrogenated Nitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR), and Polyvinyl chloride/Nitrile butadiene rubber blend (PVC/NBR), and two types of plastic materials, namely, Nylon-66 and Polyoxymethylene (Delrin). These materials have applications in automotives as engine seals, gaskets, fuel system seals and hoses, and so forth. Two types of the ethanol blended gasoline mixtures were used: (a) gasoline containing 5% ethanol (E5), which is commercial form of gasoline available in India, and (b) gasoline containing 10% ethanol (E10). The above materials were immersed in E5 and E10 for 500 hrs at 55 ∘ C. A set of eight different properties in E5 and E10 (visual inspection, weight change, volume change, tensile strength, percent elongation, flexural strength, impact strength, and hardness) were measured after completion of 500 hrs and compared with reference specimens (specimens at 55 ∘ C without fuel and specimens at ambient conditions). Variation observed in different materials with respect to the above eight properties has been used to draw inference about the compatibility of these elastomeric/polymer materials with E10 fuel vis-à-vis E5 fuels. The data presented in this study is comparative in nature between the results of E10 and E5.

show abstract