Compatibility of Metarhizium Anisopliae (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) with Several Insectisides

Abstract

Abstract:The entomopathogenic fungus conidia viability and sporulation may be affected by different environmental factors or by bio-pesticides and chemical products used to protect cultivated plants. In this research, we investigated the compatibility of Metarhizium anisopliae DEMI 001 isolates with three insecticides: fipronil, pyriproxyfen and hexaflumuron. The effect of fipronil, pyriproxyfen and hexaflumuron on sporulation, vegetative growth and conidial germination of the fungus was studied based on measuring the vegetative growth and sporulation. SDA medium was mixed with fipronil (10, 40 and 120 ppm), pyriproxyfen (10, 500 and 1 000 ppm), hexaflumuron (20, 50 and 120 ppm). SAD medium excluding insecticides was designated as blank. To determine the sporulation rate, spores was counted on surface area and vegetative growth was measured on the basis of colony diameter. The results showed that hexaflumuron at the concentration of 120 ppm reduced the vegetative growth to 0% showing the highest reduction effect compared to pyriproxyfen (24.59%) and fipronil (24.31%). All three insecticides reduced drastically the conidial germination at the highest concentrations (0-15%). Hexaflumuron treatment with 0% germination at all three concentrations and fipronil and pyriproxyfen with 32.36% and 9.7% germination at 200 ppm were not significantly different. Regarding the highest negative effect of hexaflumuron on germination at all three concentrations, this insecticide should not be applied together with the entomopathogenic fungus.

Side effects of fungicides and insecticides on entomopathogenic fungi in vitro

“…A relatively small effect of insecticides on the growth and germination of entomopathogenic fungi compared to fungicides and herbicides has been observed (Miętkiewski et al 1997;Tkaczuk et al 2013). Other studies have shown that insecticides: fipronil, pyriproxyfen and hexaflumurion, significantly reduced the conidial germination of M. anisopliae under laboratory conditions (Rashid et al 2010).…”

“…It is important to know the side effects of pesticides on beneficial organisms for IPM. It is known that pesticides can have different effects on growth, sporulation and pathogenicity of entomopathogenic fungi (Majchrowicz and Poprawski 1993;Tkaczuk 2001;Rashid et al 2010;Hernandez et al 2012;Tkaczuk et.al. 2012Tkaczuk et.al.…”

The Effect of Selected Pesticides on the Growth of Entomopathogenic Fungi Hirsutella Nodulosa and Beauveria Bassiana

“…Another research revealed, however, no or negative impact of insecticides on entomopathogenic fungi. Rashid et al [2010], for example, found that insecticides: fipronil, pyriproxyfen and hexaflumuron significantly reduced the conidial germination of Metharizium anisopliae under laboratory conditions. Tested in this study insecticide lambda-cyhalothrin slightly reduced the size of fungal colonies, which make it suitable for compatible use with entomopathogenic fungi.…”

KEEFEKTIFAN Beauveria bassiana DAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR TERHADAP Nilaparvata lugens

“…Celar dan Kos (2012) juga berpendapat bahwa B. bassiana sangat peka terhadap beberapa senyawa bahan aktif pada herbisida kimia yang diuji, karena dosis rekomendasi terendah di lapang sudah mampu menekan lebih dari 75% pertumbuhan kedua entomopatogen tersebut. Rashid et al (2010) melaporkan bahwa perlakuan insektisida kimia hexaflumuron pada konsentrasi 120 ppm telah menghentikan pertumbuhan vegetatif cendawan M. anisopliae (100%), Tabel 1. Diameter koloni Beauveria bassiana pada media agar kentang dekstrosa dengan berbagai konsentrasi pupuk organik cair.…”

“…Note : Numbers followed by same letter in the same column were not significantly different at 5% level of DMRT Bb = Beauveria bassiana POC = pupuk organik cair/liquid organic fertilizer tertinggi dibanding pyriproxyfen (24,59%) dan fipronil (24,31%). Oleh karena itu, Rashid et al (2010) tidak merekomendasikan penggunaan insektisida berbahan aktif hexaflumuron bersamaan dengan cendawan entomopatogen. Minyak seraiwangi dan minyak cengkeh juga dilaporkan menurunkan efektivitas B. bassiana jika dicampurkan dengan cendawan tersebut dan diaplikasikan terhadap hama pengisap pucuk jambu mete Helopeltis antonii Sign (Hemiptera: Miridae).…”