The effect of three pesticides used in corn protection: Targa Super 05 (chizalofop-Pethyl), Roundup 360SL (glyphosate) and Karate Zeon 050CS (lambda-cyhalothrin), on the growth of entomopathogenic fungi Hirsutella nodulosa Petch and Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. was evaluated under laboratory conditions. Fungi isolates were cultured on Sabouraud's medium with addition of pesticides at three different concentrations. H. nodulosa was more susceptible to pesticides than B. bassiana. The most inhibitory effect on tested entomopathogenic fungi showed chizalofop-P-ethyl herbicide. Lambda-cyhalothrin at the recommended field dose showed minor toxic effect on entomopathogenic fungi, which suggests the possibility of compatible use of this insecticide with biopesticides based on the tested species.
The aim of the study was to compare the species composition and the intensity of occurrence of entomopathogenic fungi in the soil of arable fields and adjacent grassland and forest habitats. The soil and litter samples were collected in October 2012 from different habitats: mixed forest, farmland and meadow. Fungi were isolated from soil by means of two methods: trap insects (larvae of Galleria mellonella) and selective medium. A total five entomopathogenic fungal species: Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, Isaria fumosorosea, Isaria farinosa and Conidiobolus sp., were isolated by means of the first method, while only three first species of fungi by means of selective medium. It was found, that usually one fungal species dominated in each of the surveyed habitats. On average in the litter and forest soil the most infectious units formed fungus B. bassiana, in the soil of farmlands M. anisopliae, while in the meadow soil in a similar intensity I. fumosorosea and B. bassiana occurred. The richest species composition of entomopathogenic fungi was found in soils from meadows but the highest density of their colony forming units was found in soil samples collected from the small-scale arable fields.
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