Comparsion of Selected Growth Media for CulturingSerratia marcescens, Aeromonassp., andPseudomonas aeruginosaas Pathogens of AdultStomoxys calcitrans(Diptera: Muscidae)

Abstract

Stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), were orally infected with Aeromonas sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Schroeter), and Serratia marcescens Bizio that were cultured on egg-yolk media, nutrient broth, and fly egg media. Aeromonas and Serratia caused mortality when the bacteria were originally grown on egg-yolk medium. Pseudomonas was equally lethal regardless of the media on which it was cultured. A wild isolate of Aeromonas caused greater death than an isolate that had been passed through host flies and had been reisolated from killed flies. Mortality increased with bacterial dose for all species. Aeromonas and Serratia caused mortality within several days after ingestion, whereas Pseudomonas caused a gradual increase in mortality 3-7 d after ingestion. The pathologic activity of Aeromonas and Serratia required extracellular products produced when cells were grown in egg yolk medium. Aeromonas required both supernatant and cells from egg yolk medium, wereas Serratia required supernatant from egg yolk medium and cells from either nutrient broth or egg yolk medium. Mortality due to ingestion of Aeromonas was correlated with the presence of enzymes that cause alpha- and beta-hemolysis, while mortality following ingestion of Serratia was associated with alpha-hemolysins, elastases, and chitinases.

Prodigiosin produced by Serratia marcescens NMCC46 as a mosquito larvicidal agent against Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi

“…Several Serratia strains have been shown to be lethal to insect pests when ingested in high doses; however, in some cases, the strains can be highly virulent at low doses, killing the larvae in 2-3 days with symptoms similar to a virus infection (Steinhaus 1959;Lysyk et al 2002). In a previous study, treatment of the tobacco budworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Heliothis virescens, with S. marcescens (Bizio) was shown to produce sublethal effects, such as reduced adult longevity and a decreased ratio of oviposition and egg hatching (Sikorowski and Lawrence 1998;Inglis and Lawrence 2001).…”

Evaluation of insecticidal activity of a bacterial strain, Serratia sp. EML-SE1 against diamondback moth

“…Several Serratia strains have been shown to be lethal to insect pests when ingested in high doses; however, in some cases the strains can be highly virulent at low doses, killing the larvae in 2-3 days with symptoms similar to a virus infection (Steinhaus, 1959;Lysyk et al, 2002). Especially, red-colored Serratia biotypes are more often associated with insects than non-pigmented biotypes (Grimont et al, 1977).…”

Mortality of Adult <I>Stomoxys calcitrans</I> Fed Isolates of <I>Bacillus thuringiensis</I>

“…These were obtained from a laboratory colony that was maintained at Lethbridge Research Centre (Lethbridge, AB, Canada) by using previously described methods (Lysyk 1998). Experiments were conducted using small assay cages similar to those described previously (Lysyk et al 2002). Cages were prepared from resealable plastic food containers (13 cm long by 11 cm wide by 10 cm high; Plastiques Cabano, Cabano, PQ, Canada).…”