Comparisons of Soxhlet extraction, pressurized liquid extraction, supercritical fluid extraction and subcritical water extraction for environmental solids: recovery, selectivity and effects on sample matrix

Hawthorne, Steven B.; Grabanski, Carol B.; Martín, Esther; Miller, David J.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(00)00091-1

Cited by 382 publications

(174 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Citrus peel is also used in biochemical engineering such as the production of biodegradable plastics by the copolymerization of limonene extracted from Citrus peel and carbon dioxide [5] , but also to produce bio fuels (ethanol) and biogas [6] . Pectin can be extracted from Citrus peel to use it in food industries through its thickening, texturizing, a gelling agent (making jams, jellies, fruit preparations, frozen creams and emulsified products [7] , but also in pharmaceutical industry as an ingredient for preparation of anti-diarrheal and detoxifying drugs [8,9] . Extraction of essential oils remains, actually, the main industrial valorisation of Citrus peel [10,11] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Efficiency of Different Extraction Methods on Antioxidants of Maltease Orange Peel

Boudhrioua¹

2016

IJFNS

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The effect of conventional solvent extraction, CSE, ultrasound assisted extraction, UAE, microwave assisted extraction, MAE and supercritical CO 2 extraction, SC-CO 2 on the total phenols content, total flavonoids, individual flavonoids and antioxidant activity of orange peel were compared. Neohesperidin (from 0.624 ± 0.013 for SC-CO 2 extraction to 1.045 ± 0.001 g100 g orange peel powder for MAE) and hesperidin (from 0.407 ± 0.008 for SC-CO 2 extraction to 0.836 ± 0.029 g/100 g orange peel powder for UAE) are the major flavonoids (80% of total flavonoids by MAE and 87% by CSE) of orange peel whatever the used extraction method. The method giving the highest total phenol and flavonoid contents is microwave assisted extraction (2.363 ± 0.014 g GAE/100g orange peel powder), followed by ultrasound assisted extraction, conventional solvent extraction, and supercritical CO 2 extraction. However, antioxidant activity (DPPH method) cannot be correlated to TPC, TFC or individual flavonoids. Orange peel extracted by CSE (ethanol (80%), m/v: 5 g:50 ml, 30 min, 35°C, mechanical stirring at darkness, 3 successive extractions) presents the higher radical scavenging capacity compared to the other extracts obtained by MAE (Ethanol (80%), m/v: 5 g: 50 ml, 10s, 35°C, 170 W, 3 successive extractions) and UAE (ethanol (80%), m/v: 5g:50 ml, 30 min, 35°C, magnetic stirring at darkness, 3 successive extractions, 125W), SC-CO 2 extraction (ethanol (80%), m/v:5 g:50 ml, 30 min, 35°C, 22 MPa, 3 successive extractions). Besides, no additivity on the antioxidant activity is found with the DPPH method.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Efficiency of Different Extraction Methods on Antioxidants of Maltease Orange Peel

Boudhrioua¹

2016

IJFNS

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“…Although these recent and more effective extraction methods are employed to extract PAHs or nitro-PAHs from solid matrices such as soils, sediments, plants or atmospheric dusts [66][67][68][69][70], they are only little used for the extraction of PAHs from collected diesel soot.…”

Section: Recent Rapid Solvent Extraction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Methodologies for the Control of Particle-Phase Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds from Diesel Engine Exhaust

Portet‐Koltalo¹,

Machour²

2013

Diesel Engine - Combustion, Emissions and Condition Monitoring

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“…The plant material was authenticated at the Department of Botany, University of Jos, Plateau, Nigeria. The fresh leaves of Persea americana were carefully grounded using mortar and pestle and extracted using the Soxhlet extraction method (Hawthorne et al, 2000).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathologic Effect of Persea americana Aqueous Leaves Extract on the Liver and Kidney of Weaner Rabbits (California Species)

Adisa

Ajayi²,

Egbujo

2011

Int. J. Morphol.

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SUMMARY:Persea americana (avocado) is widely grown in parts of Southeastern Nigeria and used as a medicinal plant in the treatment of several ailments by alternative medical practitioners but very little research has been carried out on its pharmacotoxicity. This study therefore intends to study the histopathologic effect(s) of Persea americana aqueous leaf extract on the liver and kidneys of rabbits. Fresh leaves of Persea americana were processed using the Soxhlet extraction to obtain the aqueous extract. Three (3) groups of weaner rabbits namely the control, the recommended dose and the high dose groups were given water, 75mg/kg/ and 150mg/kg per day of the extract respectively for 28 days. The animals were sacrificed, the liver and kidney were harvested, fixed in 10% buffered formol saline, processed into paraffin wax, sectioned at 5µm and stained by the Haematoxylin and Eosin method and Perl's Prussain Blue method. Slightly better weight gain by the experimental groups suggests that the extract enhances appetite. Histopathology of the liver and kidney of the recommended and high dosage groups were not different from the control group suggesting that the plant extract is beneficial except for the observed loose stool, suggesting increased bowel emptying. This however did not affect weight gain.

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Comparisons of Soxhlet extraction, pressurized liquid extraction, supercritical fluid extraction and subcritical water extraction for environmental solids: recovery, selectivity and effects on sample matrix

Cited by 382 publications

References 22 publications

Comparison of the Efficiency of Different Extraction Methods on Antioxidants of Maltease Orange Peel

Comparison of the Efficiency of Different Extraction Methods on Antioxidants of Maltease Orange Peel

Analytical Methodologies for the Control of Particle-Phase Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds from Diesel Engine Exhaust

Histopathologic Effect of Persea americana Aqueous Leaves Extract on the Liver and Kidney of Weaner Rabbits (California Species)

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