Comparisons between the Urgonian platform carbonates from eastern Serbia (Carpatho-Balkanides) and northeast Iran (Kopet-Dagh Basin): Depositional facies, microfacies, biostratigraphy, palaeoenvironments and palaeoecology

Catastrophic environmental transition at the Permian-Triassic Neo-Tethyan margin of Gondwanaland: Geochemical, isotopic and sedimentological evidence in the Spiti Valley, India

“…The biomicrite sedimentation is testimony to transgression, when clastic sediment supply from land areas were blocked leading to deposition of carbonates in subtidal conditions (Pratt and James, 1992;Carevic et al, 2013). As a result, the carbonates were deposited only during the early Triassic as Neo-Tethys Ocean recovered from marine regression and seawater inundated the basin.…”

The Lower Cretaceous Tirgan Formation in the Gelian Section (Kopet Dagh, North Iran): Microfacies, Microfossils, and Their Biostratigraphic Significance

“…Its cooccurrence with Balkhania balkhanica and Kopetdagaria sphaerica is highly expected (see Schlagintweit et al, 2013a). From a paleogeographic perspective, the Kopet Dagh basin is integrated in the Carpathian-Cimmerian province (Taherpour Khalil Abad et al, 2013).…”

“…Based on micropaleontological assemblages, the carbona-te deposits of the Tirgan Formation were attributed to the Barremian-lower Aptian by the vast majority of previous authors who studied these limestones. Numerous sections were sampled from West to East across the Kopet Dagh basin, over the entire outcrop surface of the Tirgan Formation (Taherpour Khalil Abad et al, 2009;2010;Javanbakht et al, 2011;Carević et al, 2013;Taherpour Khalil Abad et al, 2013;Molaei et al, 2017;Yavarmanesh et al, 2017;Javanbakht et al, 2018). Surveying the previously figured micropaleontological assemblages shows that in many of these publications, several species were incorrectly identified (e.g., Carević et al, 2013;Molaei et al, 2017, Yavarmanesh et al, 2017, with the notable exception of the work of Taherpour Khalil 2010; (2017), the basal part of this formation may comprise the Berriasian-Hauterivian, or even part of the upper Tithonian.…”

Depositional Environment of the Upper Triassic Baluti Formation in Gara Anticline, Kurdistan Region, North Iraq: Insight from Microfacies and Biomarker Characteristics

“…Fenestral fabrics are important to Sedimentologists because they normally indicate peritidal deposition and sedimentation, which essentially occurs at sea level (Scholle and Ulmer-Scholle, 2003). Fenestral structures indicate low energy shallow water (Carević et al, 2013), and subsequent exposure in a tidal flat environment (Hardie, 1977). Horizontal fenestrae and fenestral structures are reported in recent supratidal sediments, which result from desiccation and shrinkage of lime mud during prolonged exposure (Shinn, 1968a;Shinn et al, 1969).…”