Comparison of Two Ionic Liquid-Based Pretreatment Methods for Three Steroids' Separation and Determination in Water Samples by HPLC

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with Fluorescence Detection for Quantification of Steroids in Clinical, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Samples: A Review

“…The sample pretreatment has the advantages of being safer and environmentally friendly since no organic solvents is used. The method based on ionic liquid-based homogeneous liquid–liquid microextraction (IF-IHLME) produced detection limits of 0.04, 0.05, and 0.05 ng/mL for 17-α-estradiol, 17-β-estradiol-benzoate, and quinestrol, respectively [ 101 ].…”

Interpol review of controlled substances 2016–2019

“…Steroids: 2016 LC-ESI-MS/MS method for determination of progesterone, testosterone, trenbolone acetate and zeranol [ 1148 ]; LC-MS/MS screening method for multi-class steroid hormone detection [ 1149 ]; detection of Detection and metabolic investigations of a novel designer steroid: 3-chloro-17 alpha-methyl-5 alpha-androstan-17 beta-ol in seized capsules using NMR, GC-MS and GC-MS/MS [ 1150 ]; HPLC-UV method for identification of corticosteroids in illegal cosmetics [ 1151 ]; LC-ESI-MS/MS for the simultaneous determination of six estrogens and six glucocorticoids in water [ 1152 ]; FPSE-UHPLC-MS/MS for the determination of four progestogens and six androgens [ 1153 ]; uHPLC-MS/MS for the analysis of sex hormones and corticosteroids [ 1154 ]; Stable isotope labeling - LC-ESI-MS/MS for quantitative analysis of androgenic and progestagenic steroids [ 1155 ]; LC-MS/MS method for selective and sensitive determination of estrogens [ 1156 ]; DLLME- HPLC/UV–vis for determination of estrogens [ 1157 ]; GC/EI-MS/MS and GC/CI -MS/MS analysis of anabolic steroids [ 1158 ]; MALDI-TOF-MS for the detection of steroids [ 1159 ]; PF-MEKC-UV for detection of steroids [ 1160 ]; 2017 CE and UHPLC to identify steroids [ 470 ]; LC-ESI-MS/MS for quantitative analysis of oestrogens (oestrone, oestradiol and oestriol) and androgens (testosterone and 15 alpha-testosterone) [ 1161 ]; LC-ESI-MS/MS for the determination of several corticosteroids illegally added to cosmetic products [ 1162 ]; LC-APCI-MS for determination of sterols and steroids [ 1163 ]; review of methods for isolation and characterization of brassinosteroids in plants [ 1164 ] analysis of anabolic steroids by LPPI-MS [ 1165 ]; identification of steroids in drug products using RP-HPLC-UV-detection and GC-MS [ 1166 ]; HPLC method for determination of steroids [ 1167 ]; 2018 GC-MS method to detect anabolic androgenic steroids (androsterone, nandrolene, dehydroepiandrosterone, 5a-androstane-3 beta, 17 beta-diol, dihydrotestosterone, testosterone, methenolone acetate, methandienone, boldenone and fluoxymesterone) in food supplements [ 1168 ]; differential pulse voltammetry and amperometry for steroids in commercial pharmaceutical formulations [ 1169 ]; considerations for validation of chromatographic mass spectrometric methods for the quantification of endogenous substances in forensics [ 1170 ]; availability and ease of purchase of illicit anabolic androgenic steroids and testosterone preparations on the Internet [ 1171 ]; UHPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of 12 hair-growth compounds (including steroids) in adulterated products [ 1172 ...…”

Determination of Heavy Metal Ions and Organic Pollutants in Water Samples Using Ionic Liquids and Ionic Liquid-Modified Sorbents

“…17- β -Estradiol-benzoate, 17- α -estradiol, and quinestrol are also three EDCs. Zhang et al [26] used microextraction to detect these EDCs in lake, well, tap, and river water. [EMIM][BF 4 ], [BMIM][BF 4 ], and [HMIM][BF 4 ] were used as the extraction solvents, and [NH 4 ][PF 6 ] was used as an ion-pairing agent.…”

“…On the other hand, the use of BPA in baby bottles and infant formula packaging is not recommended. EDCs may cause cancerous tumors, birth defects, and other developmental disorders [26]. Therefore, to avoid adverse effects on human health, the concentration of EDCs in water should be less than 0.1 μ g/L [27].…”