Comparison of the Utility of Total Plasma Fatty Acids Versus those in Cholesteryl Ester, Phospholipid, and Triglyceride as Biomarkers of Fatty Acid Intake

Furtado, Jeremy; Beqari, Jorind; Campos, Hannia

doi:10.3390/nu11092081

Cited by 38 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Furthermore, our study has an observational study design, which implies that a causal relationship cannot be established. Furthermore, we assessed serum phospholipids, which are sourced from a combination of exogenous and endogenous sources [ 67 ]. Herein, serum contains a mixture of phospholipids, triglycerides, and cholesteryl esters from lipoproteins and free fatty acids released from adipose tissue stores [ 67 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eicosapentaenoic Acid Is Associated with Decreased Incidence of Alzheimer’s Dementia in the Oldest Old

et al. 2021

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Background. Omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may have different effects on cognitive health due to their anti- or pro-inflammatory properties. Methods. We aimed to prospectively examine the relationships between n-3 and n-6 PUFA contents in serum phospholipids with incident all-cause dementia and Alzheimer’s disease dementia (AD). We included 1264 non-demented participants aged 84 ± 3 years from the German Study on Ageing, Cognition, and Dementia in Primary Care Patients (AgeCoDe) multicenter-cohort study. We investigated whether fatty acid concentrations in serum phospholipids, especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), linoleic acid (LA), dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA), and arachidonic acid (AA), were associated with risk of incident all-cause dementia and AD. Results. During the follow-up window of seven years, 233 participants developed dementia. Higher concentrations of EPA were associated with a lower incidence of AD (hazard ratio (HR) 0.76 (95% CI 0.63; 0.93)). We also observed that higher concentrations of EPA were associated with a decreased risk for all-cause dementia (HR 0.76 (95% CI 0.61; 0.94)) and AD (HR 0.66 (95% CI 0.51; 0.85)) among apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE ε4) non-carriers but not among APOE ε4 carriers. No other fatty acids were significantly associated with AD or dementia. Conclusions. Higher concentrations of EPA were associated with a lower risk of incident AD. This further supports a beneficial role of n-3 PUFAs for cognitive health in old age.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eicosapentaenoic Acid Is Associated with Decreased Incidence of Alzheimer’s Dementia in the Oldest Old

et al. 2021

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“…Notably, the concentrations of PCs in this analysis were higher in SAT in 9 of the 16 PCs ( q < 0.05), 3 were higher in VAT, and 4 with no significant change. Intriguingly, all of the PCs with higher concentrations in VAT were very recently associated with seafood consumption ( 27 ). Our lipidomics study demonstrates a differential distribution of PCs versus PEs in SAT and VAT, and higher concentrations of glycerolipids in SAT, whereas a lower abundance of ceramides.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct infrastructure of lipid networks in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues in overweight humans

Zacharia

Saidemberg

Mannully

et al. 2020

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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Background Adipose tissue plays important roles in health and disease. Given the unique association of visceral adipose tissue with obesity-related metabolic diseases, the distribution of lipids between the major fat depots located in subcutaneous and visceral regions may shed new light on adipose tissue–specific roles in systemic metabolic perturbations. Objective We sought to characterize the lipid networks and unveil differences in the metabolic infrastructure of the 2 adipose tissues that may have functional and nutritional implications. Methods Paired visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue samples were obtained from 17 overweight patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery. Ultra-performance LC-MS was used to measure 18,640 adipose-derived features; 520 were putatively identified. A stem cell model for adipogenesis was used to study the functional implications of the differences found. Results Our analyses resulted in detailed lipid metabolic maps of the 2 major adipose tissues. They point to a higher accumulation of phosphatidylcholines, triacylglycerols, and diacylglycerols, although lower ceramide concentrations, in subcutaneous tissue. The degree of unsaturation was lower in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) phospholipids, indicating lower unsaturated fatty acid incorporation into adipose tissue. The differential abundance of phosphatidylcholines we found can be attributed at least partially to higher expression of phosphatidylethanolamine methyl transferase (PEMT). PEMT-deficient embryonic stem cells showed a dramatic decrease in adipogenesis, and the resulting adipocytes exhibited lower accumulation of lipid droplets, in line with the lower concentrations of glycerolipids in VAT. Ceramides may inhibit the expression of PEMT by increased insulin resistance, thus potentially suggesting a functional pathway that integrates ceramide, PEMT, and glycerolipid biosynthetic pathways. Conclusions Our work unveils differential infrastructure of the lipid networks in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues and suggests an integrative pathway, with a discriminative flux between adipose tissues.

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“…Además, en plasma a 24 hs se observaron los AG 20:4 n-6 y 22:5 n-6, ambos provenientes del metabolismo del ácido linoleico. Los coeficientes de concentraciones 24 hs/12 hs observados en saliva y plasma fueron los siguientes: 16:0 (1,20); 16:1 (1,65); 18:0 (0,33); 18:1 n-9 (1,55); 18:2 n-6 (1,70); 16:0 (0,49); 18:0 (3,43); 18:1 n-9 (3,14). La Tabla 3 presenta los coeficientes de correlación entre los niveles de AG salivales y plasmáticos a 24 hs luego de su ingesta (tiempo en el que se registraron, en general, los valores más altos).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Por el contrario, estos AG -al igual que el 20:4 n-6 y 20:5 n-3-mostraron correlaciones débiles y una ausencia de correlación entre la ingesta inmediata (24 horas) y el nivel plasmático del AG alfalinolénico 18:3 n-3 28 . Los AG fosfolípidicos en plasma han mostrado variaciones con la ingesta de nutrientes tales como hidratos de carbono, grasas totales y AG, por lo que resultarían adecuados como biomarcadores nutricionales del consumo de macronutrientes 29 , del mismo modo que AG n-3, como el alfa-linolénico y AG n-6, como el linoleico, en plasma total pueden ser empleados como biomarcadores de su ingesta dietaria 30 . Los resultados obtenidos en este estudio preliminar sugieren que el AG 18:2 n-6 podría ser un marcador de ingesta inmediata en ratas, aunque se requiere profundizar la investigación y analizar otros AG.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Salivary and plasmatic incorporation of fatty acids after their immediate intake in rats

Herrera¹,

Nackauzi²,

Actis³

2020

RevFacOdont

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Objective: the aim of this study was to analyze salivary and plasma fatty acid (FA) levels after their immediate intake in rats.Methods: 6 adult male Wistar rats were fed on commercial diet until the 12th week of life, in which it was replaced by a laboratory diet containing corn oil (6%) as a lipid source (linoleic 18: 2 n-6 FA). At 12 and 24 hours after the diet change, rats were anesthetized and salivary secretion was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of isoproterenol / pilocarpine (5 mg/kg each) before their sacrifice. Total saliva (S) was collected for 20 min by using intraoral cotton rolls. Blood was obtained (cardiac puncture) to separate plasma (P) (centrifugation). S and P lipids were extracted for FA methylation and analysis by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry. Spearman correlation and linear regression coefficients (p≤0.05) were applied. Results: 18:2 n-6 FA was detected in S and P at 12 and 24 hours, being higher at 24 hours and in P. A higher number of FA was also found at 12 and 24 hours both in P than in S. 24/12 hour concentration ratios in S were 16:0 (1.20); 16:1 (1.65); 18:0 (0.33); 18:1 n-9 (1.55); 18:2 n-6 (1.70); 20:4 n-6 (1.20) and 22:6 n-3 (1.19) and in P: 16:0 (0.49); 16:1 (4.84); 18:0 (3.43); 18:1 n-9 (3.14); 18:2 n-6 (1.75); 20:4 n-6 (0.52) and 22:6 n-3 (0.73). A significant positive correlation between S and P 16:1 n-9 FA and a high regression between 16:0;16:1 n-9 and 18:0 salivary/plasma FA was found. Conclusion: this preliminary study showed that the 18:2 n-6 FA intake is rapidly reflected in rat S and P, with a time increase, and that there is a correlation between some FA of both fluids.

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Comparison of the Utility of Total Plasma Fatty Acids Versus those in Cholesteryl Ester, Phospholipid, and Triglyceride as Biomarkers of Fatty Acid Intake

Cited by 38 publications

References 52 publications

Eicosapentaenoic Acid Is Associated with Decreased Incidence of Alzheimer’s Dementia in the Oldest Old

Eicosapentaenoic Acid Is Associated with Decreased Incidence of Alzheimer’s Dementia in the Oldest Old

Distinct infrastructure of lipid networks in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues in overweight humans

Salivary and plasmatic incorporation of fatty acids after their immediate intake in rats

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