Comparison of the toxicity of aqueous and ethanol fractions of Angelica keiskei leaf using the eye irritancy test

Son, Hyeong-U; Yoon, Eunchul; Cha, Yong-Soo; Kim, Mina; Shin, Yong‐Kyu; Kim, Jongmyung; Choi, Yong-Hee; Lee, Sang‐Han

doi:10.3892/etm.2012.677

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…No damages were reported in terms of corneal lesions, turbidity, or eyelid swelling [46]. As such, aqueous and ethanol extracts of ashitaba are candidates for use as cosmetic agents.…”

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confidence: 98%

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A Review of the Medicinal Uses and Pharmacology of Ashitaba

Caesar

Cech

2016

Planta Med

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Medicinal plants are commonly employed for therapeutic purposes throughout the world. A recent National Health Interview Survey estimated that nearly 18 % of adults in the United States regularly took non-vitamin, non-mineral dietary supplements in 2012 [1]. Because of the popularity of herbal medicines, it is important to understand the chemical basis behind the purported activities of botanicals. Angelica, a member of the Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) family, is a large genus comprised of over 60 species. Members of the genus have been utilized as medicines across the world, most notably in Asia, to treat numerous ailments, including influenza, hepatitis, arthritis, indigestion, fever, and microbial infections [2]. An increasing number of studies are being conducted on a medicinally promising member of the genus, Angelica keiskei Koidzumi (Apiaceae), or ashitaba. This large leafy perennial plant native to the Pacific coast of Japan is used throughout Asia for its diuretic, laxative, stimulant, and galactagogue properties [3]. In the past decade, several active constituents representing chalcones, flavanones, and coumarins have been isolated and characterized from ashitaba, and several bioactiv-ities have been described. This review presents the current progress on ashitaba pharmacological studies, with a focus on isolated secondary metabolites, biological activity, toxicological data, and clinical relevance. Bioactive Metabolites Isolated from Ashitaba ! Chalcones Most of the literature on the bioactive metabolites from ashitaba concerns the diverse activity of various chalcones (l " Table 1 and Fig. 1), which are most abundant in the root bark of the plant [4]. Chalcones are formed from phenylpropanoid starter units, extended with three malonyl-CoA molecules. The resulting polyketide is folded by the enzyme chalcone synthase to promote Claisen condensations and subsequent enolizations [5]. Interestingly, the bioactive chalcones found in ashitaba are prenylated at the 5′-position (l " Fig. 1), indicating that these molecules have undergone multiple biosynthetic steps, travelling through the acetate, shikimate, and isoprenoid pathways.

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“…No damages were reported in terms of corneal lesions, turbidity, or eyelid swelling [46]. As such, aqueous and ethanol extracts of ashitaba are candidates for use as cosmetic agents.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Additionally, the safety of using ashitaba for cosmetic purposes was assessed using the eye irritancy test [46]. Ashitaba yellow sap chalcone powder was found to be non-mutagenic based on results from the bacterial reverse mutation assay, chromosome aberration assay, and in vivo micronucleus assay.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Review of the Medicinal Uses and Pharmacology of Ashitaba

Caesar

Cech

2016

Planta Med

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“…The development of eye lesions was monitored by comparison of the treated eye with the left eye that was not treated with the test substance, as previously described (15). On days 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 after application of the methyl ester or positive control, the following variables were evaluated with the naked eye: corneal opacity and turbidity, reaction of the iris, conjunctival edema and ocular discharge.…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of eye irritation by S-(-)-10,11-dihydroxyfarnesic acid methyl ester secreted by Beauveria bassiana CS1029

Son

Lee

2013

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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The aim of this study was to investigate whether S-(-)-10,11-dihydroxyfarnesic acid methyl ester produced by cell subtype Beauveria bassiana CS1029 causes acute toxicity when used for cosmetic purposes by performing an eye irritation test. New Zealand white (NZW) rabbits were treated with a 100 mg/dose of S-(-)-10,11-dihydroxyfarnesic acid methyl ester according to standard procedure guidelines. No significant changes in terms of ocular lesions of the cornea, turbidity of the cornea, swelling of the eyelid or ocular discharge were observed in the methyl ester-treated groups, while sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, a positive control, caused severe toxicity. The anatomical and pathological observations indicate that the methyl ester produced by Beauveria bassiana CS1029 did not induce eye irritation in the lenses of the rabbits. The data suggest that the methyl ester evaluated in this study has promising potential as a cosmetic ingredient that does not irritate the eye.

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“…Sample preparation was carried out as previously described (19). The slice-dried leaves were pulverized with a homogenizer (20,000 rpm for 15 min; Shin-Il, Seoul, Korea) to obtain aqueous and ethanol fractions of Angelica keiskei leaves and powder.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previously, our group published the results of a study demonstrating the effects of fractions of the plant Angelica keiskei on eye mucosa irritancy (17). In the present study, acute skin irritation and phototoxicity tests were performed using animal models to analyze the in vivo effects of the Angelica keiskei leaf.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of acute skin irritation and phototoxicity by aqueous and ethanol fractions of Angelica keiskei

Lee

2012

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Abstract. In this study, to assess whether aqueous and ethanol fractions of Angelica keiskei induce acute skin irritation and phototoxicity, acute skin irritancy and phototoxicity tests were performed. The skin of rabbits or guinea pigs was treated with these fractions (100 mg/dose) and whether the animals sustained significant skin damage was determined. The data demonstrated that the aqueous and ethanol fractions of Angelica keiskei did not induce acute toxicity in the skin of the animals, as assessed by anatomical and pathological observations. The results from the present study suggest that these aqueous and ethanol fractions of Angelica keiskei have promising potential uses as cosmetic ingredients that do not induce significant levels of skin irritation or phototoxicity.

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Comparison of the toxicity of aqueous and ethanol fractions of Angelica keiskei leaf using the eye irritancy test

Cited by 6 publications

References 17 publications

A Review of the Medicinal Uses and Pharmacology of Ashitaba

A Review of the Medicinal Uses and Pharmacology of Ashitaba

Evaluation of eye irritation by S-(-)-10,11-dihydroxyfarnesic acid methyl ester secreted by Beauveria bassiana CS1029

Evaluation of acute skin irritation and phototoxicity by aqueous and ethanol fractions of Angelica keiskei

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